This article is about the spontaneously-developed road texture. For the deliberately-formed roadway surface, see Rumble strip. For other uses, see Washboard (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Waterboarding.
Washboarding or corrugation[1] is the formation of periodic, transverse ripples in the surface of gravel and dirt roads. Washboarding occurs in dry, granular road material[2] with repeated traffic, traveling at speeds above 8.0 kilometres per hour (5 mph).[3] Washboarding creates an uncomfortable ride for the occupants of traversing vehicles and hazardous driving conditions for vehicles that travel too fast to maintain traction and control.[4]
^
Taberlet, Nicolas; Morris, Stephen W.; McElwaine, Jim N. (2007). "Washboard Road: The dynamics of granular ripples formed by rolling wheels" (PDF). Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 (6): 068003. arXiv:0711.3872. Bibcode:2007PhRvL..99f8003T. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.068003. PMID 17930868. S2CID 15865804.
^
Nevada Transportation Technology Transfer Center (Summer 2002). "Causes and cures for washboarding" (PDF). Streetwise. University of Nevada. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
^Rehmeyer, J. (August 18, 2007). "Road Bumps: Why Dirt Roads Develop a Washboard Surface". Science News. 172 (7). Science Service, Inc.: 102. doi:10.1002/scin.2007.5591720708. Archived from the original on 2002-03-31. Retrieved 2014-12-25.
^US Fed News Service (2010). "Motorists warned of washboarded surfaces on backcountry gravel roads". The Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Ltd. Archived from the original on 2002-03-31. Retrieved 2014-12-25. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Washboarding or corrugation is the formation of periodic, transverse ripples in the surface of gravel and dirt roads. Washboarding occurs in dry, granular...
Washboard may refer to: Washboard (laundry), a tool for washing clothes Washboard (musical instrument), a percussion instrument Washboarding, corrugation...
The Washboard Union is a Canadian country music group from Vancouver, British Columbia led by principal members David Roberts, Aaron Grain (aka Brett...
roads is washboarding — the formation of corrugations across the surface at right angles to the direction of travel. Narrow-spaced washboarding can develop...
A washboard moraine, also known as minor or corrugated moraine, is a geomorphic feature caused by glaciers. The name "washboard moraine" refers to the...
"Washboard Blues" is a popular jazz song written by Hoagy Carmichael, Fred B. Callahan and Irving Mills. It was first recorded for Gennett Records in...
August 24, 1991), known as Washboard Willie, was an American Detroit blues musician, who specialised in playing the washboard. He recorded tracks including...
Clifford Brown (July 15, 1910 – November 6, 1966), known professionally as Washboard Sam, was an American blues musician and singer. Brown's date and place...
Hank Fisher, (born 1954) more commonly known as Washboard Hank is a Canadian musician, songwriter and stage performer. He was born in Peterborough, Ontario...
September 16, 1988), known as Washboard Doc, was an American New York blues musician, who specialised in playing the washboard. He recorded with Victoria...
Paris Washboard is a French jazz group devoted to Dixieland jazz revival. Paris Washboard was founded in 1988 by two former members of Gilbert Leroux's...
Washboard Jungle is a four-man group that combines elements of folk music, classic rock, comedy, dance, and performance art. The members include Bob Goldberg...
form of damage prone to develop in the surface of unpaved roads, see washboarding U.S. Corrugated, an independent corrugated packaging producer headquartered...
The Washboard Rhythm Kings, also known as the Washboard Rhythm Boys (1932), Georgia Washboard Stompers (1934-1935), Alabama Washboard Stompers (1930-1932)...
The rectus abdominis muscle, (Latin: straight abdominal) also known as the "abdominal muscle" or simply the "abs", is a pair of segmented skeletal muscle...
Joseph Lee Williams (October 16, 1903 – December 17, 1982) was an American Delta blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter, notable for the distinctive sound...
Creoles such as la la and juré, using the French accordion and a creole washboard instrument called the frottoir. Zydeco music is typically played in an...
Bill Wither, Georgia Pine Boy, Hallelujah Joe, Big Joe McCoy and His Washboard Band, and the Mississippi Mudder. He also used the names Hamfoot Ham,...
Her Tub Jug Washboard Band 12687 Twelve-bar blues E 5156 Band led by Georgia Tom 76 20662 1928/06 "Log Camp Blues" Her Tub Jug Washboard Band 12804 Twelve-bar...
pitched percussion Xylophone Vibraslap idiophones 112.12 United States Washboard idiophones Cajuns, United States unpitched percussion Wood block idiophones...
strange music (Creole) on an equally strange variety of 'instruments'—washboards, washtubs, jugs, boxes beaten with sticks or bones and a drum made by...
early decades of the 20th century. They used instruments such as the washboard, jugs, washtub bass, cigar-box fiddle, musical saw and comb-and-paper...
sketching and painting, street theatre, sword swallowing, ventriloquism and washboarding. Buskers may be solo performers or small groups. The term busking was...
Island Line" and "Walking Cane", with Starkey raking a thimble across a washboard, creating primitive, driving rhythms. Starkey enjoyed dancing as his parents...