The Volkswagen Type 4 is a compact / midsize family car, manufactured and marketed by Volkswagen of Germany as a D‑segment car from 1968 to 1974 in two-door and four-door sedan as well as two-door station wagon body styles. The Type 4 evolved through two generations, the 411 (1968–1972) and 412 series (1972–1974).
Designed under the direction of Heinrich Nordhoff and introduced at the Paris Motor Show in October 1968,[2] the 411 was Volkswagen's largest passenger vehicle with the company's largest engine – with styling credited to Carrozzeria Pininfarina, who at the time had an advisory contract with Volkswagen.[3] The cars retained VW's trademark air-cooled, rear placement, rear-wheel drive, boxer engine with a front/rear weight distribution of 45/55%[3] and a forward cargo storage 400 L (14.1 cu ft)[4] — while also introducing design and engineering departures for the company – including a completely flat passenger area floor and suspension using control arms and MacPherson struts. Volkswagen had prototyped a notchback sedan and convertible versions of the 411, without introducing them to production.
Over its six-year production run, Volkswagen manufactured 367,728 Type 4 models, compared with 210,082 of the subsequent Volkswagen K70 with its four-year model life. In the United States, VW sold 119,627 Type 4s from 1971 to July 1974 and in Germany 119,094 cars were sold. South Africa was the third biggest market for the Type 4 with 34,452 sales and the United Kingdom was fourth at 13,367.
Volkswagen's last air-cooled sedans and wagons, (aside from the Brasília which carried on until 1982) the Type 4 models were succeeded by the first generation Passat, marketed as the Dasher in the USA.
^ abcd"Test VW 412 LS". Auto, Motor und Sport. Vol. Heft 3 1974. 2 February 1974. pp. 40–48.
^"News and Views: What's new at Paris". Autocar. Vol. 129, no. 3790. 3 October 1968. p. 59.
^ abCopping, Richard (October 2005). The Air-Cooled Era in Colour. UK: Veloce Publishing. p. 168. ISBN 9781904788928. Long the subject of sneak preview photos, the VW 411 bore a passing resemblance to the VW 1600TL, while Pininfarina who had an advisory contract with Volkswagen, is credited with the car's styling.
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