Historical trade route that connected Northern Europe with the Caspian Sea
Nicholas Roerich: Through a Portage (1915)
In the Middle Ages, the Volga trade route connected Northern Europe and Northwestern Russia with the Caspian Sea and the Sasanian Empire, via the Volga River.[1][2] The Rus used this route to trade with Muslim countries on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea, sometimes penetrating as far as Baghdad. The powerful Volga Bulgars (cousins of today's Balkan Bulgarians) formed a seminomadic confederation and traded through the Volga river with Viking people of Rus' and Scandinavia (Swedes, Danes, Norwegians) and with the southern Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)[3] Furthermore, Volga Bulgaria, with its two cities Bulgar and Suvar east of what is today Moscow, traded with Russians and the fur-selling Ugrians.[3][4] Chess was introduced to Medieval Rus via the Caspian-Volga trade routes from Persia and Arabia.[5]
The route functioned concurrently with the Dnieper trade route, better known as the trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, and lost its importance in the 11th century.
^"COMMERCE iii. Parthian and Sasanian periods – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2019-08-13.
^Squitieri, Andrea (2018-02-15). Revolutionizing a World : From Small States to Universalism in the Pre-Islamic near East. UCL Press. p. 171. ISBN 9781911576648. OCLC 1050964552.
^Winroth, Anders (2014). The Conversion of Scandinavia: Vikings, Merchants, and Missionaries in the Remaking of Northern Europe. Yale University Press. p. 96. ISBN 9780300205534. OCLC 857879342.
^"History of Chess". www.nejca.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-10-13.
Staraya Ladoga and Velikiy Novgorod (where it met the Volgatraderoute and which became a major trade centre), crossed Lake Ilmen, and continued up the Lovat...
Spain via the Dublin slave trade or transported to Hedeby or Brännö in Scandinavia and from there via the Volgatraderoute to Russia, where slaves and...
the Volgatraderoute (between the Varangians and the Muslims), connecting the Baltic to the Caspian Sea and the Dnieper and Dniester traderoute (between...
11th-century, the Black Sea was one of the two slave trade destinations of the Viking Volgatraderoute, which exported people to Slavery in the Abbasid Caliphate...
the Balkan slave trade and the Volgatraderoute; from the East via the Bukhara slave trade; from the West via the Andalusian slave trade, the Trans-Saharan...
"The VolgaTradeRoute". www.pbs.org. 7 February 2013. Archived from the original on 23 May 2019. Retrieved 25 May 2019. "Unique History of Volga River...
Spain via the Dublin slave trade or transported to Hedeby or Brännö in Scandinavia and from there via the Volgatraderoute to present day Russia, where...
the West Slavs and to al-Andalus.[citation needed] The Volgatraderoute and other European routes, according to Ibrahim ibn Jakub (10th century), were...
Fadlan meeting Volga Vikings. Describing Vikings using the Volgatraderoute using Saqaliba or Slavic slaves as translators when trading. There he describes...
Krotkov in 1915. In 14th century, Mukhshi played an important role on traderoute from Don to Black sea (Principality of Theodoro and Genoese Gazaria colonies...
Fadlan meeting Volga Vikings. Describing Swedish Vikings using the Volgatraderoute using Saqaliba or Slavic slaves as translators when trading. There he...
slave trade destination, and slaves were imported to Iraq from the North along the Volgatraderoute, from the West via the Red Sea slave trade, and from...
established traderoutes.: 24 The Vikings also engaged in trade with merchants throughout Europe, Asia and the Far East. The Volga and Dnieper TradeRoutes were...
Greenland, Normandy, and the Baltic coast and along the Dnieper and Volgatraderoutes in eastern Europe, where they were also known as Varangians. They...
the main routes of saqaliba-slaves to the Muslim world, alongside the Balkan slave trade by the Republic of Venice in the South, and Volgaroute of the...
Normandy, and the Baltic coast, as well as along the Dnieper and Volgatraderoutes across modern-day Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine, where they were also...
At its height, the city was a major center of trade, and consisted of three parts separated by the Volga. The western part contained the administrative...
Three specimens have been found as far afield as Volga Bulgaria (at the time part of the Volgatraderoute). A total of 167 Ulfberht swords have been found...
transported to Hedeby or Brännö in Scandinavia and from there via the Volgatraderoute to Russia, where slaves and furs were sold to Muslim merchants in...
between the Eastern Europe and Baghdad (Volgatraderoute). Vasco da Gama's pioneering (1497–1499) of the sea route between India and Europe and the opening...
Spain via the Dublin slave trade or transported to Hedeby or Brännö in Scandinavia and from there via the Volgatraderoute to Russia, where slaves and...
Spassky District, Tatarstan, Russian Federation. The former trade emporium on the Volgatraderoute covers an area of 4 km2. It was first explored in 1870...
forced into prostitution in the countries of continental Europe. The Volgatraderoute was established by the Varangians (Vikings) who settled in Northwestern...
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