Mount Edziza, a stratovolcano in northwestern British ColumbiaA topographic map of Canada, showing elevations shaded from green (lower) to brown (higher)
Volcanic activity is a major part of the geology of Canada and is characterized by many types of volcanic landform, including lava flows, volcanic plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.
Though Canada's volcanic history dates back to the Precambrian eon, at least 3.11 billion years ago, when its part of the North American continent began to form,[1] volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada in modern times, where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.[2] Because volcanoes in Western and Northern Canada are in relatively remote and sparsely populated areas and their activity is less frequent than with other volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean, Canada is commonly thought to occupy a gap in the Ring of Fire between the volcanoes of the western United States to the south and the Aleutian volcanoes of Alaska to the north.[3] Even so, the mountainous landscapes of the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories include more than 100 volcanoes that have been active during the past two million years and whose eruptions have claimed many lives.[3]
Volcanic activity is responsible for many of Canada's geological and geographical features and mineralization, including the nucleus of the North American continent, known as the Canadian Shield. Volcanism has led to the formation of hundreds of volcanic areas and extensive lava formations across Canada. The country's different volcano and lava types originate from different tectonic settings and types of volcanic eruptions, ranging from passive lava eruptions to violent explosive eruptions. Canada has a rich record of very large volumes of magmatic rock called large igneous provinces, represented by deep-level plumbing systems consisting of giant dike swarms, sill provinces and layered intrusions.[4] The most capable large igneous provinces in Canada are Archean greenstone belts estimated at 3.8 to 2.5 billion years old, containing a rare volcanic rock called komatiite.[4]
^"Large Igneous Provinces in Canada Through Time and Their Metallogogenic Potential Appendix 2". Mineral Deposits of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada. September 24, 2008. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2009.
^Cite error: The named reference HEPO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference SLV was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference GHE was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
and 30 Related for: Volcanism of Canada information
began to form, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada in modern times, where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and...
Volcanism in Northern Canada has produced hundreds of volcanic areas and extensive lava formations across Northern Canada. The region's different volcano...
The volcanismof Eastern Canada includes the hundreds of volcanic areas and extensive lava formations in Eastern Canada. The region's different volcano...
Volcanismof Eastern Canada – volcanic areas and lava formations in Eastern CanadaPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback Volcanismof Northern...
British Columbia, Canada, has a long history ofvolcanism that spans more than 6 million years. It occurred during five cycles of magmatic activity which...
Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing...
death toll List of anthropogenic disasters by death toll (worldwide) VolcanismofCanada "The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996". www.nhc.noaa...
This timeline ofvolcanism on Earth includes a list of major volcanic eruptions of approximately at least magnitude 6 on the Volcanic explosivity index...
populous in Canada. Canada portal List of the largest cities and towns in Canada by area List of the largest population centres in Canada List of largest...
Cheekye Glacier. List of volcanoes in Canada Cascade Volcanoes VolcanismofCanadaVolcanismof Western Canada "Garibaldi". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian...
Canada portal Coast Range Arc Pandemonium Creek slide (1959) Geography of British Columbia Geology of British Columbia VolcanismofCanadaVolcanism of...
Bimodal volcanism is the eruption of both mafic and felsic lavas from a single volcanic centre with little or no lavas of intermediate composition. This...
Canada Nav Canada Public Safety Canada Royal Canadian Mounted Police Transport Canada Yukon Emergency Measures Organization Volcanism in Canada "What are...
meganested caldera complex. List of volcanoes in CanadaVolcanismofCanadaVolcanismof Eastern Canada ASH FALL: Newsletter of the Volcanology and Igneous...
Canada conducts a country-wide census that collects demographic data every five years on the first and sixth year of each decade. The 2021 Canadian census...
began to form, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada in modern times, where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and...
swimmer Mickey Volcan (born 1962), Canadian ice hockey player Mike Volcan (1932–2013), Canadian football player Ramón Volcán (born 1956), Venezuelan swimmer...
Retrieved June 13, 2018. "Global Volcanism Program | Kialagvik". volcano.si.edu. Retrieved June 14, 2018. "Global Volcanism Program | Kukak". volcano.si.edu...
The prime minister ofCanada (French: premier ministre du Canada) is the head of government ofCanada. Not outlined in any constitutional document, the...
monarchy ofCanada is Canada's form of government embodied by the Canadian sovereign and head of state. It is one of the key components ofCanadian sovereignty...
Ekati Diamond Mine. Hugo Dummett of BHP, credited as co-discoverer of Ekati VolcanismofCanadaVolcanismof Northern Canada Zlotnikoc, Dan (November 2008)...
Intraplate volcanism is volcanism that takes place away from the margins of tectonic plates. Most volcanic activity takes place on plate margins, and there...
minister ofCanada is an official who serves as the primary minister of the Crown, chair of the Cabinet, and thus head of government ofCanada. Twenty-three...
Group volcanism corresponded with volcanism in the Pemberton Belt, although some of the younger Chilcotin lavas were erupted during early stages of Garibaldi...
context of a Canadian census, is a populated place, or a cluster of interrelated populated places, which meets the demographic characteristics of an urban...
list of the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the 2021 Canadian census and the 2016 Canadian census...
List of volcanoes in CanadaVolcanismofCanadaVolcanismof Northern Canada Geography of Nunavut List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations List of stratigraphic...