A 16th-century woman wears a visard while riding with her husband.A woman wearing a visard, as engraved by Abraham de Bruyn in 1581.A woman wearing a moretta muta appears in this 1751 painting by Pietro Longhi.
A visard (also spelled vizard) is an oval mask of black velvet which was worn by travelling women in the 16th century to protect their skin from sunburn.[1] The fashion of the period for wealthy women was to keep their skin pale, because a tan suggested that the bearer worked outside and was hence poor. Some types of vizard were not held in place by a fastening or ribbon ties, and instead the wearer clasped a bead attached to the interior of the mask between their teeth. [2]
The practice did not meet universal approval, as evidenced in this excerpt from a contemporary polemic:
When they use to ride abroad, they have visors made of velvet ... wherewith they cover all their faces, having holes made in them against their eyes, whereout they look so that if a man that knew not their guise before, should chance to meet one of them he would think he met a monster or a devil: for face he can see none, but two broad holes against her eyes, with glasses in them.
— Phillip Stubbes, Anatomy of Abuses (1583)
A visard recovered from inside the wall of a 16th-century building in Daventry, England.[3]
In Venice, the visard developed into a design without a mouth hole, the moretta, and was gripped with a button between the teeth rather than a bead. The mask's prevention of speech was deliberate, intended to heighten the mystery of a masked woman even further.[4]
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