Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum[1] (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-American architect best known as a pioneer in the design of shopping malls in the United States.[2] He is also noted for his urban revitalization proposals, described in his writings and applied in master plans such as for Fort Worth, Texas (1955),[3] Kalamazoo, Michigan (1958) and Fresno, California (1965).[1] An advocate of prioritizing pedestrians over cars in urban cores, he was also the designer of the first outdoor pedestrian mall in the United States, the Kalamazoo Mall.[4][5]
^ abInfoplease: Gruen, Victor retrieved 25 February 2012
^Mars, Roman. "99% Invisible-163- The Gruen Effect". Retrieved 6 May 2015.
^Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Victor David Gruen, born Viktor David Grünbaum (July 18, 1903 – February 14, 1980), was an Austrian-American architect best known as a pioneer in the design...
Buster's, AMC Theatres, Hennepin Service Center, and Life Time Athletic. VictorGruen, the center's architect, designed the mall to challenge the "car-centric"...
was designed by VictorGruen, who three years earlier had designed the country's first enclosed shopping mall. A native of Austria, Gruen had been hired...
architect and American immigrant VictorGruen. This new generation of regional-size shopping centers began with the Gruen-designed Southdale Center, which...
with different owners), then enclosed shopping malls starting with VictorGruen's Southdale Center near Minneapolis in 1956. A shopping mall is a type...
tradition. Many of the urban designs of modern Tehran are attributed to VictorGruen. Gruen devised a master plan for many of northern Tehran's neighborhoods...
milestone for regional shopping centers in the United States. Designed by VictorGruen, the mall initially included a four-level Hudson's with a ring of stores...
developed by Ernest W. Hahn, Inc. and Carter Hawley Hale Properties, Inc. Gruen Associates were the project architects, but The Broadway was designed by...
in 1954. That year, the Hudson's department store chain and architect VictorGruen developed Northland Center in the Detroit suburb of Southfield. It was...
late 1966 and Sears, the initial phase of the center was designed by VictorGruen. It was built the same year as The Irvine Company's nearby Fashion Island...
October 11, 1961 as the Cherry Hill Shopping Center, designed by architect VictorGruen and built and managed by The Rouse Company. It was the first indoor,...
1978. The mall was designed by Gruen Associates, founded by the pioneer of the American shopping mall VictorGruen, and Richard Prince. The head builder...
with catalogue sales. In the post-war period, an American architect, VictorGruen developed a concept for a shopping mall; a planned, self-contained shopping...
construction of the Bank of New Mexico Building around the same time. Architect VictorGruen, who was a refugee from Nazi-occupied Austria, designed the mall. Winrock...
In 1940 she married the architect VictorGruen with whom she had two children. The couple created the firm Gruen & Krummeck. In New York the firm worked...
Sporting Life. When the planned shopping centre format was developed by VictorGruen in the early to mid-1950s, signing larger department stores was necessary...
center. May Co.'s, store, designed under the direction of R. L. Baumfeld, VictorGruen Associates, will contain some 247,000 sq. ft. in a three-level level...
As it grew, became the leading area mall. Original architects were VictorGruen Associates and Charles Luckman Associates. At the main opening ceremonies...
Iranian architect Abd-ol-Aziz Farmanfarmaian and the American firm of VictorGruen Associates identified the main problems blighting the city as high-density...
Center was developed by J.L. Hudson Corporation. It was designed by VictorGruen Associates and Louis G. Redstone Associates. Westland Center played a...
designed the grandstand and the main racing strip. Associate architect was VictorGruen Associates of Los Angeles. The construction of the facility was undertaken...
Global Information