Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small to medium-sized shrub that grows in tropical Africa. V. amygdalina typically grows to a height of 2–5 m (6.6–16.4 ft). The leaves are elliptical and up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long. Its bark is rough.[1]
V. amygdalina is commonly called bitter leaf in English because of its bitter taste.[2] Other African common names include Congo Bololo (D. R. Congo), ebicha (Oromo), grawa (Amharic), ewuro (Yoruba), etidot (Efik), onugbu (Igbo), ityuna (Tiv), oriwo (Edo), Awɔnwono (Akan), chusar-doki or shuwaka (Hausa), mululuza (Luganda), labwori (Acholi), olusia (Luo), ndoleh (Cameroon), Umubirizi (Kinyarwanda) and olubirizi (Lusoga).[3][4][5]
^Ijeh II; Ejike CECC (2011). "Current perspectives on the medicinal potential of Vernonia amygdalina Del". J Med Plant Res. 5 (7): 1051–1061.
^Farombi, E. O.; Owoeye, O. (2011). "Bitter leaf". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 8 (6): 2533–2555. doi:10.3390/ijerph8062533. PMC 3138040. PMID 21776245.
^Egedigwe CA (2010). Effect of dietary incorporation of Vernonia amygdalina and Vernonia colorata on blood lipid profile and relative organ weights in albino rats (Thesis). Department of Biochemistry, MOUAU, Nigeria.
^Kokwaro, John (2009). Medicinal Plants of East Africa (3rd ed.). Nairobi, Kenya: University of Nairobi Press. ISBN 978-9966-846-84-6.
^Appiah, Kwame (2018). "Medicinal Plants Used in the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality, Southern Ghana: An Ethnobotanical Study". Medicines. 6 (1): 1–27. doi:10.3390/medicines6010001. PMC 6473417. PMID 30577439.
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Vernoniaamygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small to medium-sized shrub that grows in tropical Africa. V. amygdalina typically grows to a height...
ingredients used in making it are Piper guineense (uziza seed) and Vernoniaamygdalina (bitter leaf). It is prepared from groundnut which is mashed into...
(Malvaceae), Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae), Citrus species (Rutaceae) and Vernoniaamygdalina (Asteraceae). This species reproduces at the beginning of the dry...
"Observations on the illness and consumption of a possibly medicinal plant Vernoniaamygdalina (Del.), by a wild chimpanzee in the Mahale Mountains National Park...
infection drops noticeably after chimpanzees chew leaves of pith (Vernoniaamygdalina), which contain sesquiterpene lactones and steroid glucosides that...
January 2013. "GRIN #1264". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. "Entity Display : Vernoniaamygdalina". ecoport.org. 13 January 2013. Archived from the original on 13...
Vernolepin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the dried fruit of Vernoniaamygdalina. It shows platelet anti-aggregating properties and is also an irreversible...
(48.4%), Solanum aculeastrum (34.4%), Khaya anthoteca (55.8%) and Vernoniaamygdalina (52.4%) were tested by Nfi (2001). Nfi and colleagues had previously...
Mohammed, A. (2007-09-04). "Evaluation of the nutrition value of Vernoniaamygdalina leaf protein concentrates for infant weaning foods". Acta Alimentaria...
lactone found in lettuce Vernolepin, a sesquiterpene lactone found in Vernoniaamygdalina This set index page lists chemical structure articles associated...
Cameroon Ndole of Ewondo and Duala language; also known as bitterleaf (Vernoniaamygdalina). Some 25 years ago the late prince Zang Zambo Salomon Dessalo, a...
PMID 14506884. Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H, Huffman MA (December 1994). "Use of Vernoniaamygdalina by wild chimpanzee: possible roles of its bitter and related constituents"...
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