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The Vendel I helmet, at the Swedish Museum of National AntiquitiesVendel era sword from Valsgärde
In Swedish prehistory, the Vendel Period (Swedish: Vendeltiden; c. 540–790 AD) appears between the Migration Period and the Viking Age. The name is taken from the rich boat inhumation cemetery at Vendel parish church, Uppland. Unlike the preceding and succeeding eras, the Vendel Period left very few precious metal artifacts or runic inscriptions. Instead, it is extremely rich in animal art on copper-alloy objects. It is also known for guldgubbar, tiny embossed gold foil images, and elaborate helmets with embossed decoration similar to the one found at Sutton Hoo in England.[1]
During the period, Swedish expeditions began to explore the waterways of territories which later became Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. The Elder Futhark writing system was abandoned in favor of the Younger Futhark, virtually simultaneously over the whole of Scandinavia. Some runestones survive, most notably those at Rök and Sparlösa, both from c. 800. Other written sources are few and hard to interpret: a few Icelandic sagas, the tale of Beowulf, and accounts from some southern European writers. Earlier Swedish historians tried to make use of these to create a coherent history, but this effort has largely been abandoned, and the period is now mostly studied by archaeologists.[2]
In Swedish prehistory, the VendelPeriod (Swedish: Vendeltiden; c. 540–790 AD) appears between the Migration Period and the Viking Age. The name is taken...
have been found here, which have given their name to the VendelPeriod. Vendel Church (Vendels kyrka) was probably begun to be built in Romanesque style...
of these Merovingian-period swords have notably been found in the context of the Scandinavian Germanic Iron Age (Vendelperiod). There is no single term...
of Scandinavia is thought to have died as a result and the emerging VendelPeriod shows an increased militarization of society. Several areas with rich...
gold ornaments, are known from the following Migration Period (c. 400–550 AD) and VendelPeriod (c. 550–790 AD). Sweden's Iron Age is considered to extend...
known as the Broa helmet) is a decorated iron helmet from around the VendelPeriod. Discovered around 1904 in a cremation grave in Broe, a farm on the...
primary written documents in the form of runestones. VendelPeriod helmet, Sweden VendelPeriod sword, Sweden, 7th century AD Gold bracteate from Funen...
Birgit (1983). "The chronology of the Vendel graves". In Lamm, Jan Peder & Nordstrom, Hans-Åke (eds.). VendelPeriod Studies: transactions of the Boat-Grave...
Bautil is a fundamental Swedish runological work by the priest, runologist and archaeologist Johan Göransson, published in 1750. The full title of the...
about 50 runestones from the Migration Period in Scandinavia. Most runestones were erected during the period 950–1100 CE, and then they were mostly raised...
legendary kings would have ruled during the Migration Period (c. 375–550) and subsequent VendelPeriod (c. 550–790), but larger political structures in...
underlying European folklore developed during the medieval period. From the early modern period, werewolf beliefs also spread to the New World with colonialism...
from Vendel and Valsgärde. In the art of Mesopotamia the motif appears very early, usually with a "naked hero", for example at Uruk in the Uruk period (c...
formed a sort of mask, which suggests a close affinity with the earlier VendelPeriod helmets. The Yarm helmet was discovered in the 1950s by workmen digging...
Gustavson, Helmer (1983). "A Vendel warrior from Vallentuna". In Lamm, Jan Peder & Nordstrom, Hans-Åke (eds.). VendelPeriod Studies: transactions of the...
other war gear in Anglo-Saxon art, such as the Sutton Hoo burial, and Vendelperiod art. The major deity, Odin, was so commonly associated with ravens throughout...
King Cenwulf. Few written sources report on Vendelperiod Scandinavia from 400 to 700, however this period saw profound societal changes and the formation...
A runic carving is defined as a runic inscription in stone or other material, according to the definitions of the Swedish National Heritage Board (Swe...
Northern Europe predominantly during the Migration Period of the Germanic Iron Age (including the Vendel era in Sweden). Bracteate coins are also known from...
astrolabe, a chest containing a treasure, a Byzantine coin die, a decorated Vendelperiod shield, a Christian relic, etc. In the Kalevala, compiler Lönnrot interpreted...
locations and purposes. The first group of picture stones was made in the period 400–600 CE. These have a straight form and the upper part is shaped like...
The Suarines or Suardones were one of the Nerthus-worshipping Germanic tribes mentioned by Tacitus in Germania. They have otherwise been lost to history...
modern paintings and sculptures of the Gallic chieftain Vercingetorix. VendelPeriod helmets from Sweden often feature bird-motifs. On these helmets, however...
Grimoire. Samuel Weiser, Inc. ISBN 0-87728-685-X. Gaimster, Märit (1998). VendelPeriod Bracteates on Gotland. Almqvist & Wiksell International. ISBN 91-22-01790-9...
been connected to that of Vendel, the name of a province in Uppland, Sweden, which is also eponymous of the VendelPeriod of Swedish prehistory, corresponding...
Europe, with the exception of Northern Europe, where influences from the VendelPeriod (from AD 550 to 800) and the subsequent Viking Age (until AD 1050) can...
battlefield companions but also "Odin's helpers in his veterinary function." VendelPeriod helmet plates (from the 6th or 7th century) found in a grave in Sweden...
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