Global InformationVariyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji information
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Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1875-1877 Nellikkuth, Manjeri[1] Malabar District, Madras Presidency, British Raj (present-day Kerala, India) |
| Died | 20 January 1922, Kottakkunnu, Malappuram, Malabar District, Madras Presidency, British Raj (present-day Kerala, India) |
| Cause of death | Execution by shooting |
| Resting place | His body was cremated by the British. Information about the ash is unknown. |
| Monuments | Varian Kunnath Kunjahammad Haji Memorial Town Hall, Malappuram |
| Other names | Variamkunnan, Variyamkunnath |
| Occupation | Business |
| Organization | Khilafat Movement |
| Known for |
|
| Style | Revolutionary |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Movement |
|
| Spouses | Ummakiya
(m. 1905, Death)Sainaba
(m. 1908, Death)
|
| Children | 5 children. In first wife Ummakiya : Mahmood, Moideenkutty, Fathima, Ayishakutty. In second wife Sainaba : Muhammad[3] |
| Parents |
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| Relatives | Elder brother Kunjalan Kutty (died in childhood). Other siblings : Moideen Haji, Fathima, Kunjayisha, Mariyam Hajjuma, Amina Hajjuma, Unneema[3] |
| Family | Chakkipparamban family[4] |
| Honours | Listed his name in Dictionary of Martyrs: India's Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 5[5] |
| Notes | |
The first part of his name Variyan Kunnath (Malayalam : വാരിയൻ കുന്നത്ത്) has been written differently in different sources such as Variamkunnath[6][7] or Variyamkunnath[8] or Variyankunnath[9] or Variyan Kunnathu[10] and the second part Kunjahammad (Malayalam : കുഞ്ഞഹമ്മദ്) as Kunhamad
[11] (Malayalam : കുഞ്ഞമ്മദ്) or Kunhahamed[12] (Malayalam : കുഞ്ഞഹമ്മദ്) | |
Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji sometimes called Variyamkunnan (1875-1877 – 20 January 1922) [13][14] was a prominent leader during the war in Malabar against the British,[15] during the Malabar rebellion, and the founder of a parallel government.[16] He was an Indian freedom fighter,[17][18][5] opposer of the Jenmi system,[19] and an ordinary member of the Khilafat movement.[20]
According to R. H. Hitchcock, who took part in the fight against the rebellion, "Khilafat to him (Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji) was a Turkish matter, not Indian."[21] Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji was just a member of the Khilafat Movement.[20] He established a parallel government in the Malabar District of Madras Presidency in open defiance of the British Raj, which lasted for a short period of six months. With his long-term mentor, Ali Musliyar, Kunjahammed Haji seized large areas of the then Eranad and Valluvanad taluks, now part of Kerala state in India, from British control.[22][23] He said he was fighting for the independence of India.[24]
- ^ K. K. Abdul Kareem, Variyamkunnath Kunjahammad Haji, p. 14.
- ^ Radhakrishnan, M. G. "Malabar Rebellion: When will we grow up?". Mathrubhumi. Archived from the original on 17 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022. para. 5, "Leaders and scholars attached to the Left, Congress and Muslim League maintain the rebellion as a glorious anti-colonial struggle and a peasant revolt..."; para. 8, "Gandhi lauded its anti-colonial character but heavily criticized the violence and communal angles."; para. 9, "They also saw it as a culmination of a series of anti-European outbreaks by the Malabar Muslims since the 15th century after European colonization began to ruin their prosperity... "
- ^ a b c Ramees Muhammad. Sultan Variamkunnan. p. 308.
- ^ a b Ramees Muhammad. Sultan Variamkunnan. p. 61.
- ^ a b Dictionary of Martyrs: India's Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 5 (PDF). Archived from the original on 30 July 2022.
- ^ Sudhi, K. S. (25 June 2020). "Reports of Hindu-Muslim strife in Malabar baseless, wrote Variamkunnath Kunhamed Haji in The Hindu in 1921". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- ^ "Clipped From Detroit Free Press". Detroit Free Press. 7 December 1921. p. 10. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- ^ "Explained: Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji, the Khilafat leader who declared an independent state". The Indian Express. 25 June 2020. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- ^ "Read all Latest Updates on and about Variyankunnath Kunjahammad Haji". www.reporterlive.com (in Malayalam). Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ "Trouble with being a Muslim freedom fighter in India: The story of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji". gulfnews.com. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- ^ Peasant Revolt in Malabar, A History of the Malabar rebellion 1921, R. H. Hitchcock, p. 79.
- ^ Naha, Abdul Latheef (28 June 2016). "Century-old records throw new light on Malabar history". The Hindu. para 7. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 11 May 2022. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^ Varma, Vishnu (25 June 2020). "Explained: Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji, the Khilafat leader who declared an independent state". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ V, Ajmal (25 October 2018). "After 97 years, a forgotten British massacre uncovered". Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 11 May 2022. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
- ^ K. Madhavan Nair, Malabar Kalapam, pp. 162, 244; FB Evans, Letter to Madras, 20 December 1921; K. K. Abdul Kareem, Variyamkunnath Kunjahammad Haji, 1992, p. 6.
- ^ "Explained: Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji, the Khilafat leader who declared an independent state". The Indian Express. 25 June 2020. p. para. 9. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
- ^ "Explained: Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji, the Khilafat leader who declared an independent state". The Indian Express. 25 June 2020. Archived from the original on 22 October 2022. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
- ^ "7 Dec 1921, Page 10 - Detroit Free Press at Newspapers.com". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
- ^ Ramees Muhammad. Sultan Variamkunnan. pp. 165–166. ISBN 978-81-954397-0-6.
- ^ a b Muhammad, Ramees. Sultan Variamkunnan. p. 143. ISBN 978-81-954397-0-6.
- ^ R. H. Hitchcock. Peasant Revolt in Malabar, A History of Malabar Rebellion 1921. p. 58.
- ^ K. N. Panikkar (1991). Peasant protests and revolts in Malabar. Indian Council of Historical Research.
- ^ "The Mapilla Rebellion : 1921-1922". Retrieved 9 November 2019.
- ^ "Clipped From Detroit Free Press". Detroit Free Press. 7 December 1921. p. 10. Retrieved 10 December 2021.