Latin (spoken by elite and clergy) Vulgar Latin and African Romance (spoken by common people) Vandalic (spoken among elite) Punic (spoken among common people) Alanic (spoken among Alanic elite) Numidian (spoken among common people in rural areas) Medieval Greek (spoken among common people)
Religion
Arianism (among elite) Nicene Christianity then Chalcedonian Christianity
Government
Pre-feudal Monarchy
King
• 435–477
Gaiseric
• 477–484
Huneric
• 484–496
Gunthamund
• 496–523
Thrasamund
• 523–530
Hilderic
• 530–534
Gelimer
History
• Vandalic conquest of Roman Africa
435
• Conquest by the Byzantine Empire
534
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Africa (Roman province)
Sicilia (Roman province)
Praetorian prefecture of Africa
Kingdom of the Aurès
Today part of
France Italy Spain Algeria Tunisia Libya
The Vandal Kingdom (Latin: Regnum Vandalum) or Kingdom of the Vandals and Alans (Latin: Regnum Vandalorum et Alanorum) was a confederation of Vandals and Alans, which is one of the barbarian kingdoms established under Gaiseric, a Vandal warrior. It ruled in North Africa and the Mediterranean from 435 to 534 AD.
In 429 AD, the Vandals, estimated to number 80,000 people, had crossed by boat from Hispania to North Africa. They advanced eastward, conquering the coastal regions of what is now Tunisia, and Algeria. In 435, the Western Roman Empire, then ruling North Africa, allowed the Vandals to settle in the provinces of Numidia and Mauretania when it became clear that the Vandal army could not be defeated by Roman military forces. In 439 the Vandals renewed their advance eastward and captured Carthage, the most important city of North Africa. The fledgling kingdom then conquered the Roman-ruled islands of Mallorca, Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica in the western Mediterranean. In the 460s, the Romans launched two unsuccessful military expeditions by sea in an attempt to overthrow the Vandals and reclaim North Africa. The conquest of North Africa by the Vandals was a blow to the beleaguered Western Roman Empire as North Africa was a major source of revenue and a supplier of grain (mostly wheat) to the city of Rome.
Although primarily remembered for the sack of Rome in 455 and their persecution of Nicene Christians in favor of Arian Christianity, the Vandals were also patrons of learning. Grand building projects continued, schools flourished, and North Africa fostered many of the most innovative writers and natural scientists of the late Latin-speaking Western Roman Empire.[4]
The Vandal Kingdom ended in 534, when it was conquered by Belisarius in the Vandalic War and incorporated into the Eastern Roman Empire (or Byzantine Empire). The surviving Vandals either assimilated into the indigenous African population or were dispersed among the Byzantine territories.[5]
^Andrew Merrills and Richard Miles, The Vandals (Blackwell Publishing, 2007), 60.
^An Empire of Cities, Penelope M. Allison, The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Roman World, ed. by Greg Woolf (Cambridge University Press, 2001), 223
^Andrew Merrills and Richard Miles, The Vandals, 3.
^Miles 2007, p. 1 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMiles2007 (help)
^Lawrence, Thomas Christopher (2012-10-26), "Vandals", The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah12213, ISBN 978-1-4443-3838-6, retrieved 2021-03-26
The VandalKingdom (Latin: Regnum Vandalum) or Kingdom of the Vandals and Alans (Latin: Regnum Vandalorum et Alanorum) was a confederation of Vandals and...
The Vandals were a Germanic people who first inhabited what is now southern Poland. They established Vandalkingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean...
The Vandalic War was a conflict fought in North Africa between the forces of the Byzantine Empire and the VandalicKingdom of Carthage in 533–534. It was...
suzerainty of the Roman Emperors. After the Vandal conquest of Northern Africa and the establishment of the VandalKingdom, these cities became completely isolated...
acknowledged the suzerainty of the Roman Emperors. The Western kingdom more distant from the Vandalkingdom was the one of Altava, a city located at the borders...
Alexander, in 308–311. Conquered by the Vandals in 439, Carthage served as the capital of the VandalKingdom for a century. Re-conquered by the Eastern...
Al-Andalus. In one inscription from the VandalKingdom, the Christian incantation of Kyrie eleison is given in Vandalic as "Froia arme" ("Lord, have mercy...
migrating Vandals and Alans. The conflict lasted 13 years with a period of four years of peace, and led to the establishment of the VandalKingdom in 435...
southern border of the Vandalkingdom into Mauri territory. Huneric was an Arian Christian and wanted only Arian clergy in the Vandalkingdom. Exiling catholic...
foederati of Rome, and wanted to restore the Roman order against the hordes of Vandals, Alans and Suebi. The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD; therefore, the...
provincial capital, and it grew again in prosperity until it fell to the Vandals in 439. It was reincorporated into the Eastern Empire in 533 but continued...
immediately conquered by the Vandals, but after the death of the Vandal king Huneric in 484, some seceded from the VandalKingdom. Roman-Berber areas persisted...
between the armies of the Byzantine Empire, under Belisarius, and the VandalKingdom, commanded by King Gelimer, and his brother Tzazon. It followed the...
Romans, and Vandals. Hippo was the capital city of the VandalKingdom from 435 to 439 AD. until it was shifted to Carthage following the Vandal capture of...
most of the hinterland area was lost, first to the VandalKingdom and later to the Mauro-Roman Kingdom, with Roman administration limited to the capital...
barbarian kingdom. Through much of his life he was forced to stay in isolated Roman communities, constantly threatened by the Suevi and Vandals, though...
of Hippo Vandal War (439-442), a war between the VandalKingdom and the Western Empire Vandal War (461-468), a war between the VandalKingdom and the Western...
the VandalKingdom of North Africa in the Vandalic War in nine months and conquered much of Italy during the Gothic War. He also defeated the Vandal armies...
Gunthamund (c. 450–496), King of the Vandals and Alans (484–496) was the third king of the north African VandalKingdom. He succeeded his unpopular uncle...
penultimate king of the Vandals and Alans in North Africa in Late Antiquity (523–530). Although dead by the time the VandalKingdom was overthrown in 534...
Wars 112 BCE – 106 BCE Jugurthine War 420s Vandals conquer the Roman province June 533 – March 534 Vandalic War 544 – Second Moorish uprising and the revolt...
invasion of the Vandals in 428, which began its slow decay, accompanied by desertification. It was restored to Roman rule after the Vandalic War, when it...
or Honeric (died December 23, 484) was King of the (North African) VandalKingdom (477–484) and the oldest son of Gaiseric. He abandoned the imperial...
swiftly conquered the VandalKingdom in North Africa. Subsequently, Belisarius, Narses, and other generals conquered the Ostrogothic kingdom, restoring Dalmatia...
was a Gothic nobleman of the Vandalkingdom in North Africa. King Gelimer of the Vandals made him governor of the Vandalic province of Sardinia, but Godas...
brought the Visigothic Kingdom of Spain under his direct control and established hegemony over the Burgundian and Vandalkingdoms. Theodoric died in 526...
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