Valentinite information

Valentinite
Valentinite
	A sample of valentinite from Algeria (size: 6.9 x 4.4 x 3.3 cm)
General
Category	Oxide minerals
Formula; (repeating unit)	Sb2O3
IMA symbol	Vln
Strunz classification	4.CB.55
Crystal system	Orthorhombic
Crystal class	Dipyramidal (mmm) ; H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m)
Space group	Pccn
Unit cell	a = 4.91 Å, b = 12.46 Å ; c = 5.42 Å; Z = 4
Identification
Color	Colorless, snow-white, pale yellow, pink, gray to brownish
Crystal habit	Prismatic crystals, sometimes flattened, fan-shaped or stellate aggregates of crystals; lamellar, columnar, granular, massive.
Cleavage	{110}, perfect; {010}, imperfect
Tenacity	Brittle
Mohs scale hardness	2.5–3
Luster	Adamantine, pearly on cleavages
Streak	White
Diaphaneity	Transparent to translucent
Specific gravity	5.76
Optical properties	Biaxial (−)
Refractive index	nα = 2.180 nβ = 2.350 nγ = 2.350
Birefringence	δ = 0.170
2V angle	Very small
References

Valentinite is an antimony oxide mineral with formula Sb₂O₃. Valentinite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and typically forms as radiating clusters of euhedral crystals or as fibrous masses. It is colorless to white with occasional shades or tints of yellow and red. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3 and a specific gravity of 5.76.^[5] Valentinite occurs as a weathering product of stibnite and other antimony minerals. It is dimorphous with the isometric antimony oxide senarmontite.^[2]

^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
^ ^a ^b Handbook of Mineralogy
^ Mindat with location data
^ Webmineral data
^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8

[1] Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.

[HBM-2] Handbook of Mineralogy

[Mindat-3] Mindat with location data

[Webmin-4] Webmineral data

[5] Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8

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