In mathematics and computing, universal hashing (in a randomized algorithm or data structure) refers to selecting a hash function at random from a family of hash functions with a certain mathematical property (see definition below). This guarantees a low number of collisions in expectation, even if the data is chosen by an adversary. Many universal families are known (for hashing integers, vectors, strings), and their evaluation is often very efficient. Universal hashing has numerous uses in computer science, for example in implementations of hash tables, randomized algorithms, and cryptography.
computing, universalhashing (in a randomized algorithm or data structure) refers to selecting a hash function at random from a family of hash functions...
stores a 64-bit hashed representation of the board position. A universalhashing scheme is a randomized algorithm that selects a hashing function h among...
hashing by division, hashing by multiplication, universalhashing, dynamic perfect hashing, and static perfect hashing.: 2 However, hashing by division is...
on universalhashing. Intrinsically keyed hash algorithms such as SipHash are also by definition MACs; they can be even faster than universal-hashing based...
based on universalhashing, or UMAC, is a type of message authentication code (MAC) calculated choosing a hash function from a class of hash functions...
Double hashing is a computer programming technique used in conjunction with open addressing in hash tables to resolve hash collisions, by using a secondary...
Kline, Robert. "Closed Hashing". CSC241 Data Structures and Algorithms. West Chester University. Retrieved 2022-04-06. "Open hashing or separate chaining"...
zeroes, by hashing the same input with a large number of values until a "desirable" hash was obtained. Similarly, the Bitcoin blockchain hashing algorithm...
password hashing is performed; original passwords cannot be recalculated from the stored hash value. However, use of standard cryptographic hash functions...
In computer science, tabulation hashing is a method for constructing universal families of hash functions by combining table lookup with exclusive or...
Static hashing is a form of hashing where lookups are performed on a finalized dictionary set (all objects in the dictionary are final and not changing)...
computer science and data mining, MinHash (or the min-wise independent permutations locality sensitive hashing scheme) is a technique for quickly estimating...
Zobrist hashing is the first known instance of tabulation hashing. The result is a 3-wise independent hash family. In particular, it is strongly universal. As...
Poly1305 is a universalhash family designed by Daniel J. Bernstein for use in cryptography. As with any universalhash family, Poly1305 can be used as...
A rolling hash (also known as recursive hashing or rolling checksum) is a hash function where the input is hashed in a window that moves through the input...
perfect hashing is a programming technique for resolving collisions in a hash table data structure. While more memory-intensive than its hash table counterparts...
frequently used for hash tables. For instance the original method of Carter and Wegman for universalhashing was based on computing hash functions by choosing...
Authentication Code using UniversalHashing". CFRG Working Group. IETF. Retrieved 2010-08-12. J. Carter; M. Wegman (1977). "Universal classes of hash functions (Extended...
hash function when integrated with all hashing schemes, i.e., producing the highest throughputs and also of good quality" whereas tabulation hashing produced...
_{v}\left|\Pr[X=v]-\Pr[Y=v]\right|\leq 1} is a statistical distance between X and Y. Universalhashing Min-entropy Rényi entropy Information-theoretic security Impagliazzo...
hopscotch hashing, as in cuckoo hashing, and unlike in linear probing, a given item will always be inserted-into and found-in the neighborhood of its hashed bucket...
used by the algorithm, such as the pairwise independence used in universalhashing the use of expander graphs (or dispersers in general) to amplify a...