A Mark 48 exercise torpedo is hoisted off a Mark II 72' torpedo recovery boat in 1982.
United States Navy submarines, surface ships, and aircraft launch torpedoes, missiles, and autonomous undersea vehicles as part of training exercises. Typically, these training munitions have no warhead and are recovered from the sea and reused. Similarly, new naval weapons under development are launched at sea in performance trials. These experimental units also need to be recovered, in their case to obtain evaluation data. At various points in history, newly manufactured torpedoes were fired as a quality control measure and these, too, had to be recovered before issuing them to the fleet. The U.S. Navy has used a variety of boats to accomplish the retrieval of these test and training munitions. As their missions evolved over the last century they have been variously known as torpedo retrievers, torpedo weapon retrievers, torpedo recovery boats, range support craft, and multi-purpose craft.
These vessels have usually been confined to firing ranges close to port and have not engaged in combat. The individual service histories of these boats are consequently modest, undramatic, and frequently undocumented. While their individual histories may be lost, as a class they have been part of the Navy for a century and have served around the world. Their modern types remain in service with the Navy today, continuing to provide an essential function.
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