Often monochromatic initial layer of paint applied to a ground
In art, an underpainting is an initial layer of paint applied to a ground, which serves as a base for subsequent layers of paint. Underpaintings are often monochromatic and help to define color values for later painting. Underpainting gets its name because it is painting that is intended to be painted over (see overpainting) in a system of working in layers.
There are several different types of underpainting, such as veneda, verdaccio, morellone, imprimatura and grisaille.[1] The different types have different colourings. Grisaille is plain grey. Verdaccio is a grey tending towards yellow or green that brings out more luminous tones, while imprimatura uses earth tones.[2]
Underpainting has several advantages over working from a plain canvas. The neutral colours of the underpaint will not distract if they are not completely covered. It also aids the painter in getting a correct tone. Comparing colours to a white background is very different from the colouring of the final painting.[3] A multi-color underpainting can also add to a work and was used by artists such as Giotto (whose technique is described in detail by Cennino Cennini), as well as by Jan van Eyck and Rogier van der Weyden (whose technique has been studied with modern scientific analysis). This technique was pioneered by Titian in the High Renaissance. The colors of the underpainting can be optically mingled with the subsequent overpainting, without the danger of the colors physically blending and becoming muddy. If underpainting is done properly, it facilitates overpainting. If it seems that one has to fight to obscure the underpainting, it is a sign that it was not done properly.
^Underpaint. In: Weyer, Angela; Roig Picazo, Pilar; Pop, Daniel; Cassar, JoAnn; Özköse, Aysun; Jean-Marc, Vallet; Srša, Ivan (Ed.) (2015). Weyer, Angela; Roig Picazo, Pilar; Pop, Daniel; Cassar, JoAnn; Özköse, Aysun; Vallet, Jean-Marc; Srša, Ivan (eds.). EwaGlos. European Illustrated Glossary Of Conservation Terms For Wall Paintings And Architectural Surfaces. English Definitions with translations into Bulgarian, Croatian, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Spanish and Turkish. Petersberg: Michael Imhof. p. 60. doi:10.5165/hawk-hhg/233.
^Bossik, E. (2011). How to Create an Underpainting Like the Old Masters. Portable Shopper LLC. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-9842419-3-4. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
^Faragasso, J. (2020). Student's Guide to Painting. Dover Art Instruction. Dover Publications. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-486-83739-0. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
art, an underpainting is an initial layer of paint applied to a ground, which serves as a base for subsequent layers of paint. Underpaintings are often...
Overpainting is the final layers of paint, over some type of underpainting, in a system of working in layers. It can also refer to later paint added by...
is used for defining tonal values, forming a complete monochromatic underpainting. Often architectural details in frescoes are left in verdaccio without...
imprimatur, a term used in editing. Underdrawing Underpainting Bossik, E. (2011). How to Create an Underpainting Like the Old Masters. Portable Shopper LLC...
nose, the eyebrows, the mouth and the shading under the upper lip. Underpainting List of colors List of inorganic pigments Fabrizio F.V. Arrigoni: "Sinopie...
board is more suitable. Casein paint is reworkable and can be used for underpainting. It generally dries to a matte finish. Casein paint has been used since...
wider colour range. A grisaille may be executed for its own sake, as an underpainting for an oil painting (in preparation for glazing layers of colour over...
painters to create an intense light and dark contrast.[citation needed] Underpainting was another popular technique for painting that used umber as a base...
the next was added, greatly increasing the time a painting took. The underpainting or ground beneath these was usually white (typically gesso coated with...
painting ground before paint is applied, for example, an imprimatura or an underpainting. Underdrawing was used extensively by 15th century painters like Jan...
least originality, of the work could be found in the pentimenti of the underpainting, which indicate it could not have been a simple faithful reproduction...
the traditional academic approach, which required careful drawing and underpainting, in favor of the alla prima method of working directly on the canvas...
hand is finished and the other isn't" but that Trump "didn't get" the underpainting of his hand. Cowan recalled that Trump would ask him "'When are you...
pillow seem to have been added by a later hand on the basis of a rough underpainting by Rembrandt Oil Sketch of an Old Man c. 1655 Oil on panel 23 x 18 Private...
its use in Russian "icon paintings", another widespread use was for underpainting of human flesh in medieval painting. It is also found as mineral pigment...
Sufi thought. In some cases the inscription appears to have been an underpainting that would later be covered by a face or veil, so a pious act by the...
Edward's age as six, but this has been doubted after x-rays of the underpainting. "His detailed reports to his master are a hideous record of fire and...
In these and many other cases it appears to have been intended as underpainting, to be seen only through a thin black wash and with the deepest shadows...
infrared-sensitive cameras makes it possible to discover and depict not only underpaintings and pentimenti, but entire paintings that were later overpainted by...
Painting: With Notes on the Techniques of the Old Masters) which involves underpainting in water-soluble tempera with transparent oil paint glazes. While living...
base rendering. Parrish usually used a blue and white monochromatic underpainting. His paintings/illustrations were unique in that they depicted a highly...
that the size of a white cloth was expanded after the dark background underpainting had been applied; the expanded area is a darker white. An example by...
eyebrow makeup, red lips and light pink blusher. Both maiko and geisha underpaint their lips with a red lipstick known as beni. First-year apprentice geisha...
transferring the design to canvas by the use of a grid, Sickert made a rapid underpainting using two colours, which was allowed to dry thoroughly before the final...
style of painting that used thin glazes of oil paint over a tempera underpainting, in the manner of the old masters. His 1923 painting The Trench, which...
undercoating. In the Middle Ages one of its best-known uses was in the underpainting of flesh tones. Green earths have been rather confusingly referred to...
called layering, is a very common technique. Other techniques include underpainting and scraping down or sgraffito. Turpentine, or similar liquids such...
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