This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Tunnel construction" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(November 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Tunnel Construction
Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnel construction depends on such factors as the ground conditions, the ground water conditions, the length and diameter of the tunnel drive, the depth of the tunnel, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape of the tunnel and appropriate risk management. Tunnel construction is a subset of underground construction.
There are three basic types of tunnel construction in common use:
Cut-and-cover tunnel, constructed in a shallow trench and then covered over.
Bored tunnel, constructed in situ, without removing the ground above. They are usually of circular or horseshoe cross-section. Some concepts of underground mining apply. Modern techniques include Shotcrete used in the New Austrian tunnelling method, use of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) or tunnelling shield. But still tunnels are constructed which are secured with pit props and shoring and then are steined or timer supports are set. Techniques known from barrel vaults are helpful.
Immersed tube tunnel, sunk into a body of water and laid on or buried just under its bed.
and 24 Related for: Tunnel construction information
Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnelconstruction depends on such factors as the ground conditions...
not a tunnel, though some recent tunnels have used immersed tube construction techniques rather than traditional tunnel boring methods. A tunnel may be...
Channel Tunnel (French: Tunnel sous la Manche), sometimes referred to informally as the Chunnel, is a 50.46-kilometre (31.35 mi) undersea railway tunnel, opened...
The Metro Tunnel, formerly known as Melbourne Metro Rail (MMR), is a underground heavy rail project currently under construction in Melbourne, Victoria...
typically bored using trenchless construction methods or horizontal directional drilling rather than TBMs. TBM tunnels are typically circular in cross-section...
Nagdhunga tunnel (Nepali: नागढुंगा सुरुङ्ग) is a under-construction highway tunnel connecting Sisnekhola of Dhading district and Nagdhunga in Kathmandu...
The Lincoln Tunnel is an approximately 1.5-mile-long (2.4 km) tunnel under the Hudson River, connecting Weehawken, New Jersey, to the west with Midtown...
in Crown Heights, Brooklyn, as construction workers, on behalf of the synagogue's leaders, attempted to fill in a tunnel that students had illegally dug...
time of construction, in 1980, it was the longest road tunnel in the world; it is currently the fifth-longest. Although it is a motorway tunnel, part of...
process until 1919, when it was decided to build a tunnel under the river. Construction of the Holland Tunnel started in 1920, and it opened in 1927. At the...
Bælt-forbindelsen, German: Fehmarnbelt-Querung) or Fehmarn Belt tunnel is an under-construction immersed tunnel, which will connect the Danish island of Lolland with...
inaugurated the construction site of the Bangabandhu Tunnel on 14 October 2017. Hasina officially inaugurated the construction of the tunnel and inaugurated...
canal tunnel on the Huddersfield Narrow Canal was authorised by an Act of Parliament on 4 April 1794. Construction of a 5,451-yard (4,984 m) tunnel began...
projects Z-Morh Tunnel Zoji-la Tunnel Sela tunnelconstruction to start soon, Business Standard, 21 Nov 2018. "Delay hits Sela tunnel project in Arunachal...
The Chicago Tunnel Company was the builder and operator of a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge railway freight tunnel network under downtown Chicago, Illinois...
Base Tunnel (German: Brennerbasistunnel; Italian: Galleria di base del Brennero) is a 55-kilometre-long (34 mi) railway tunnel under construction through...
East West Metro Tunnel is a underwater river tunnel of Kolkata Metro in Kolkata, West Bengal. The river tunnel is constructed underneath Hooghly River...
Construction is a general term meaning the art and science of forming objects, systems, or organizations. It comes from the Latin word constructio (from...
Eurasia Tunnel The Eurasia Tunnel (Turkish: Avrasya Tüneli) is a road tunnel in Istanbul, Turkey, crossing underneath the Bosphorus Strait. The tunnel was...
This is Kerala's first-ever tunnel for road transport and South India's longest six-lane road tunnel. Construction of the tunnel started in 2016 and completed...
single-tube tunnel above 10,000 feet (3,048 m) in the world. With the existing Atal Tunnel and after the completion of under-construction Shinku La Tunnel, which...
Kingdom Brunel, the straight tunnel descends on a 1 in 100 gradient from its eastern end. At the time the tunnel'sconstruction was considered dangerous due...
operated by the Swiss Federal Railways. The origins of the Gotthard Tunnel and its construction can be traced back to the widely-felt desire to improve interconnectivity...
This list of longest tunnels ranks tunnels that are at least 13 km (8.1 mi) long. Only continuous tunnels are included. Pipelines, even those that are...
Global Information
