Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe information
1990 treaty to limit the size of conventional militaries in Europe
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
Signed
19 November 1990 (1990-11-19)
Location
Paris, France
Effective
9 November 1992 (1992-11-09)
Condition
Ratification by NATO and Warsaw Pact member countries
Expiry
No expiration
Signatories
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia (split into Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993)
Hungary
Poland (suspended in 2024)[1]
Romania
Soviet Union (dissolved in 1991)
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal (suspended in 2024)
Spain
Turkey (suspended in 2024)
United Kingdom
United States (suspended in 2023)
Parties
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Georgia
Hungary
Kazakhstan
Moldova
Poland (suspended in 2024)[1]
Romania
Russia (suspended in 2007, withdrew in 2023)
Slovakia
Ukraine
Belgium
Canada
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal (suspended in 2024)
Spain
Turkey (suspended in 2024)
United Kingdom
United States (suspended in 2023)
The original Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) was negotiated and concluded during the last years of the Cold War and established comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment in Europe (from the Atlantic to the Urals) and mandated the destruction of excess weaponry. The treaty proposed equal limits for the two "groups of states-parties", the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Warsaw Pact. In 2007, Russia "suspended" its participation in the treaty, and on 10 March 2015, citing NATO's alleged de facto breach of the Treaty, Russia formally announced it was "completely" halting its participation in it as of the next day.[2][3][4][5][6] On 7 November 2023, Russia withdrew from the treaty, and in response the United States and its NATO allies suspended their participation in the treaty.[7]
^ ab"Polish president signs law suspending the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe". TVP. 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
^Mazura, A. Yu. (10 March 2015). Заявление руководителя Делегации Российской Федерации на переговорах в Вене по вопросам военной безопасности и контроля над вооружениями [Statement by the Head of the Delegation of the Russian Federation at the negotiations in Vienna on military security and arms control] (in Russian). Russian Foreign Ministry.
^Papp, Robert G. (March 2019). "Kennan Cable No. 41: A Cyber Treaty With Russia". The Wilson Center.
^Reif, Kingston (April 2015). "Russia Completes CFE Treaty Suspension". Arms Control Association. Arms Control Today.
^Remler, Philip (August 2019). "Russia and Cooperative Security in Europe: Times Change, Tactics Remain" (PDF). Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
^Cite error: The named reference rferrr was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^House, The White (7 November 2023). "Statement from National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan on United States' Suspension of the CFE Treaty Alongside NATO Allies". The White House. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
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