Configuration of a chemical reaction when potential energy is greatest
Not to be confused with Transition of state.
In chemistry, the transition state of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate. It is defined as the state corresponding to the highest potential energy along this reaction coordinate.[1] It is often marked with the double dagger (‡) symbol.
As an example, the transition state shown below occurs during the SN2 reaction of bromoethane with a hydroxide anion:
The DFT-determined geometry for the transition state of the above reaction.[2] Distances are listed in angstroms. Note the elongated C-Br and C-O bonds, and the trigonal bipyramidal structure.
The activated complex of a reaction can refer to either the transition state or to other states along the reaction coordinate between reactants and products, especially those close to the transition state.[3]
According to the transition state theory, once the reactants have passed through the transition state configuration, they always continue to form products.[3]
^Solomons, T.W. Graham & Fryhle, Craig B. (2004). Organic Chemistry (8th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-41799-8.
^The calculation used a B3LYP functional and a 6-31+G* basis set.
^ abPeter Atkins and Julio de Paula, Physical Chemistry (8th ed., W.H. Freeman 2006), p.809 ISBN 0-7167-8759-8
chemistry, the transitionstate of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate. It is defined as the state corresponding...
In chemistry, transitionstate theory (TST) explains the reaction rates of elementary chemical reactions. The theory assumes a special type of chemical...
Transitionstate analogs (transitionstate analogues), are chemical compounds with a chemical structure that resembles the transitionstate of a substrate...
Look up transition, transitate, transitional, transitionally, or transitions in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Transition or transitional may refer...
like physics and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly...
refers to a range of configurations near the transitionstate. In a reaction coordinate, the transitionstate is the configuration at the maximum of the...
The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), also known as the Afghan Transitional Authority, was the name of the temporary transitional government...
until the substrate forms to become the high-energy transitionstate. Forming the transitionstate is more favorable with the catalyst because the favorable...
a pericyclic reaction is the type of organic reaction wherein the transitionstate of the molecule has a cyclic geometry, the reaction progresses in a...
An energy transition (or energy system transformation) is a major structural change to energy supply and consumption in an energy system. Currently, a...
Eyring equation, another Arrhenius-like expression, appears in the "transitionstate theory" of chemical reactions, formulated by Eugene Wigner, Henry Eyring...
brittle "glassy" state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased. An amorphous solid that exhibits a glass transition is called a glass...
greater energetic input needed for heavier isotopologues to reach the transitionstate (or, in rare cases, the dissociation limit), and consequently, a slower...
of atoms might be a single molecule, an ion, a condensed phase, a transitionstate or even a collection of any of these. The computational model of chemical...
Nonadiabatic transitionstate theory (NA-TST) is a powerful tool to predict rates of chemical reactions from a computational standpoint. NA-TST has been...
the right orientation relative to each other to reach a particular transitionstate. There are, however, some termolecular examples in the gas phase. Most...
\left(P^{2}\right)_{i,j}.} In general, the probability transition of going from any state to another state in a finite Markov chain given by the matrix P in...
group that resembles the transitionstate. Since the enzyme has evolved to stabilise the transitionstate, transitionstate analogues generally possess...
making or breaking bonds Marcus theory takes the place of Eyring's transitionstate theory which has been derived for reactions with structural changes...
the transitionalstate from wakefulness to sleep, also defined as the waning state of consciousness during the onset of sleep. Its opposite state is described...
Consequently, more molecular collisions have the energy needed to reach the transitionstate. Hence, catalysts can enable reactions that would otherwise be blocked...
to bind perfectly to substrate in transitionstate rather than in ground state. The formation of transitionstate within the solution requires a large...
Global Information
