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Timeline
342
MSM activity made illegal
1533
Death penalty introduced for MSM activity
1543
Buggery Act extended to Wales
1828
Offences Against the Person Act 1828
1835
James Pratt and John Smith executed
1861
Death penalty for buggery abolished
1885
Labouchere Amendment introduced
1889
Cleveland Street scandal
1895
Oscar Wilde found guilty of gross indecency
1912
The Cave of the Golden Calf opens
1921
Plans to make lesbian activity illegal defeated
1936
Mark Weston transitions
1952
John Nott-Bower begins crackdown
1954
Pitt-Rivers, Montagu, Wildeblood imprisoned
1954
Alan Turing commits suicide
1957
Wolfenden report released
1967
MSM activity made legal (England & Wales)
1972
First British Gay Pride Rally
1976
Jeremy Thorpe resigns as Liberal leader
1981
MSM activity made legal (Scotland)
1981
First case of AIDS reported in the UK
1982
MSM activity made legal (NI)
1983
Gay men barred from donating blood
1984
Chris Smith elected as first openly gay MP
1987
Operation Spanner begins
1988
Section 28 comes into force
1989
Stonewall UK forms
1994
Age of consent for MSM becomes 18
1997
Angela Eagle becomes first openly lesbian MP
1998
Bolton 7 found guilty
1998
Lord Alli becomes first openly gay Lord
1999
Admiral Duncan bombing
2000
Gay men allowed in HM Armed Forces
2001
Age of consent equalised to 16
2001
MSM activity involving multiple men legal
2002
Same sex couples granted equal rights to adopt
2003
Section 28 repealed
2004
Civil partnerships introduced
2004
Gender Recognition Act 2004
2006
Discrimination made illegal
2008
Equalised access to IVF for lesbian couples
2008
Incitement to homophobic hatred made a crime
2009
Public apology to Alan Turing
2010
Equality Act 2010
2011
Gay men allowed to donate blood (1 yr deferral)
2013
Nikki Sinclaire becomes first openly trans MEP
2013
Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
2014
First same-sex marriages take place
2016
MSM activity not grounds for military discharge
2017
Turing law implemented
2017
Blood donation deferral 3 months (excl. NI)
2019
MPs legislate for gay marriage in NI
2020
Gay marriage legal across UK, incl. NI
2020
Blood donation deferral 3 months (incl. NI)
2021
Blood donation deferral equalised
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Transgender rights in the United Kingdom have varied significantly over time, with transgender Britons facing certain social challenges not experienced by non-trans individuals. These include various laws and public attitudes in regards to identity documents, as well as anti-discrimination measures used by or pertaining to transgender people, in the areas of employment, education, housing and social services, amongst others.
Trans people have been able to change their passports and driving licences to indicate their preferred binary gender since at least 1970. Transgender people were, prior to the ruling in Corbett v Corbett, able to have their birth certificate informally amended to reflect their gender identity. The ruling prevented the amendment of the sex marker on birth certificates for other than clerical errors. The 2002 Goodwin v United Kingdom ruling by the European Court of Human Rights resulted in parliament passing the Gender Recognition Act of 2004 to allow people to apply to change their legal gender, through application to a tribunal called the Gender Recognition Panel. The application requires the submission of medical evidence and a statutory declaration. The tribunal is made up of medical and legal members appointed by the Lord Chancellor.
Anti-discrimination measures protecting transgender people have existed in the UK since 1999, and were strengthened in the 2000s to include anti-harassment wording. Later in 2010, gender reassignment was included as a protected characteristic in the Equality Act. With the 2013 introduction of same-sex marriage, it became possible for a spouse to legally change their gender without requiring a divorce in the UK, with the exception of Northern Ireland, where this became an option nearly a decade later on 13 January 2020.
Since the late 2010s, the treatment of trans people in the UK has been an increasing source of controversy, particularly in regards to British news media. The Council of Europe criticised what it described as a "baseless and concerning" level of transphobia gaining traction in British society. YouGov noted an "overall erosion in support towards transgender rights" among the general public by the early 2020s, and while Ipsos found that most Britons supported trans people getting protections for discrimination, support for gender-affirming healthcare in the UK was amongst the lowest of the thirty countries they studied.
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and 26 Related for: Transgender rights in the United Kingdom information
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