Gallantry and intrepidity in actual conflict at the risk of one's life above and beyond the call of duty
Description
Modified cross pattée
Presented by
the President of the United States in the name of Congress
Eligibility
US Navy and Marine Corps personnel, 1917–1942
Motto
VALOUR
Status
Obsolete 7 August 1942
Established
4 February 1919 (retroactive to 6 April 1917)
First awarded
15 October 1917, World War I
Last awarded
8 January 1928, Nicaragua
Total
22
Total awarded posthumously
5
Total recipients
22
Details of the Tiffany Cross
Precedence
Equivalent
Medal of Honor
Next (lower)
Navy Distinguished Service Medal[1]
The Tiffany Cross Medal of Honor arose immediately after World War I, as the US Navy decided to recognize via the Medal of Honor two manners of heroism, one in combat and one in the line of a sailor's profession. The original upside-down star was designated as the non-combat version and a new pattern of the medal pendant, in cross form, was designed by the Tiffany Company in 1919. It was to be presented to a sailor or Marine who "in action involving actual conflict with the enemy, distinguish[es] himself conspicuously by gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty and without detriment to his mission."[2] This pendant became the Tiffany Cross.
^US Naval History & Heritage Command (24 January 2001). "The Navy Cross". Retrieved 25 January 2016.
^US Naval History & Heritage Command (23 January 2008). "80-G-K-13534 World War I U.S. Navy Medal of Honor ("Tiffany Cross" pattern)". Department of the Navy. Retrieved 25 January 2015.
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