The Dilemma of a Ghost[1]is a play by Ghanaian writer Ama Ata Aidoo that was first performed in March 1964 for three nights at the Open Air Theatre of the University of Ghana, Legon, where the author was in her final year of studies, a few months away from graduating.[2][3][4] The play was published by Longman the following year, making Aidoo the first published African woman dramatist.[5] It was subsequently published in an edition with Aidoo's second play, Anowa (1970), both works dealing with the differences between Western culture and African traditions.[6]
A domestic satire, The Dilemma of a Ghost concerns a Ghanaian student returning from education abroad with his Black American wife, and her struggle coming to terms with her cultural past in her new African home.[7][8] Simon Gikandi writes that the play "is both structurally and thematically related to the traditional dilemma tale. By focusing on the questions and problems of appropriate moral behavior, the dilemma tale invites the audience to adjudicate between conflicting possibilities of action. The drama centers on the problems of childbearing, infidelity, and exogamy that arise when Ato Yawson, the protagonist, returns to Ghana with an Afro-American wife, Eulalie Rush. The consequences of this unannounced marriage symbolize both the private and the public dilemmas of the postcolonial subject and her or his society. ... The ideological and stereotypical assumptions of both Eulalie and her new in-laws give rise to the seemingly irreconcilable encounter between the West (the United States) and Africa (Ghana)."[9]
Mpalive-Hangson Msiska notes that while the play "focuses on the dilemma of a man caught between two histories and two cultures, Aidoo is also concerned with the predicament of women who are not so much caught between cultures and histories as no longer having a place in either world. This double non-belonging, as opposed to split allegiance, might be spoken of as the dilemma of the daughter figure, as opposed to son and mother figures."[10]
^ThriftBooks. "Dilemma of a Ghost and Anowa book by Ama Ata Aidoo". ThriftBooks. Retrieved 2024-05-09.
^Owomoyela, Oyekan (2008). The Columbia Guide to West African Literature in English. p. 64.
^Dodgson-Katiyo, Pauline (1 November 2016). "Ama Ata Aidoo, Dilemma of a Ghost". The Literary Encyclopedia. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
^Thompson, Clifford, ed. (1999). World Authors 1990–1995. H. W. Wilson. p. 6.
^Banyiwa Horne, Naana (2001). "Aidoo, Ama Ata". Who's Who in Contemporary Women's Writing. Routledge.
^Anderson, Sarah (2004). Sarah Anderson's Travel Companion. Pallas Athene. p. 1947. ISBN 9780954262402.
^Banham, Martin. "African theatre". Britannica. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
^"Ama Ata Aidoo". Britannica. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
^Odamtten, Vincent O. (2003). "Aidoo, Ama Ata". In Gikandi, Simon (ed.). Encyclopedia of African Literature. Routledge. p. 20.
^Msiska, Mpalive-Hangson; Paul Hyland, eds. (2017). "'Between mothers, daughters, sisters...'". Writing and Africa. Routledge.
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