This article is about the Illyrian queen. For other uses, see Teuta (disambiguation).
Teuta
Queen regent[A] of the Ardiaei
Regency
231–228/227 BC
Predecessor
Agron of Illyria
Successor
Demetrius of Pharos
Monarch
Pinnes
Spouse
Agron
House
Ardiaei
Dynasty
Ardiaean
Teuta (Illyrian: *Teutana, 'mistress of the people, queen'; Ancient Greek: Τεύτα; Latin: Teuta) was the queen regent[A] of the Ardiaei tribe in Illyria,[1] who reigned approximately from 231 BC to 228/227 BC.[2][3]
Following the death of her spouse Agron in 231 BC, she assumed the regency of the Ardiaean Kingdom for her stepson Pinnes, continuing Agron's policy of expansion in the Adriatic Sea, in the context of an ongoing conflict with the Roman Republic regarding the effects of Illyrian piracy on regional trade.[4][2] The death of one of the Roman ambassadors at the hands of Illyrian pirates gave Rome the occasion to declare war against her in 229 BC. She surrendered after losing the First Illyrian War in 228. Teuta had to relinquish the southern parts of her territory and pay a tribute to Rome, but was eventually allowed to keep a realm confined to an area north of Lissus (modern Lezhë, Albania).[5][2]
Biographical details on the life of Teuta are biased by the fact that surviving ancient sources, which were written by Greek and Roman authors, are generally hostile to Illyrians and their queen alike for political and/or misogynistic reasons.[6][7][3]
^Polybius 2010: 2:4:6: "King Agron (...) was succeeded on the throne by his wife Teuta..."; Wilkes 1992, pp. 80, 129, 167.
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