B is phylogenetically part of the A group but not taxonomically, so A is paraphyletic.
In bacteriology, a taxon in disguise is a species, genus or higher unit of biological classification whose evolutionary history reveals has evolved from another unit of a similar or lower rank, making the parent unit paraphyletic.[1][2] That happens when rapid evolution makes a new species appear so radically different from the ancestral group that it is not (initially) recognised as belonging to the parent phylogenetic group, which is left as an evolutionary grade.
While the term is from bacteriology, parallel examples are found throughout the tree of life. For example, four-footed animals have evolved from piscine ancestors but since they are not generally considered fish, they can be said to be "fish in disguise".
In many cases, the paraphyly can be resolved by reclassifying the taxon in question under the parent group. However, in bacteriology, since renaming groups may have serious consequences since by causing confusion over the identity of pathogens, it is generally avoided for some groups.
^Rediers, H; Vanderleyden, J; De Mot, R (2004). "Azotobacter vinelandii: a Pseudomonas in disguise?". Microbiology. 150 (Pt 5): 1117–9. doi:10.1099/mic.0.27096-0. PMID 15133068.
^Lan, R; Reeves, PR (2002). "Escherichia coli in disguise: molecular origins of Shigella". Microbes and Infection / Institut Pasteur. 4 (11): 1125–32. doi:10.1016/S1286-4579(02)01637-4. PMID 12361912.
In bacteriology, a taxonindisguise is a species, genus or higher unit of biological classification whose evolutionary history reveals has evolved from...
matching colors to blend into its environment; it simply camouflages in a way that disguises its entire structure. This is most likely because Japanese spider...
and jolly, masters of disguise and shapeshifting but somewhat gullible and absent-minded. The animals have also been common in Japanese art, particularly...
Extension. Retrieved 2012-12-26. Wierauch C. 2006. Anatomy of Disguise: Camouflaging Structures in Nymphs of Some Reduviidae (Heteroptera). Am. Mus. Novit....
and the nyūdō-bōzu told about in legends in the Tōhoku region and the Chūbu region are considered weasels indisguise, and they are also said to shapeshift...
Yamaguchi, Mamiko Ozaki, Ryohei Yamaoka (2009). Chemical disguise as particular caste of host ants in the ant inquiline parasite Niphanda fusca (Lepidoptera:...
1764 (waterfowl) Reptilia – Anseriformes – Anatidae PaleoDB taxon number: 83418 Parent taxon: Anatidae according to T. H. Worthy and J. A. Grant-Mackie...
A grade is a taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity. The term was coined by British biologist Julian Huxley, to contrast...
made of sand and silk, in order to disguise the entrance from predators. The Sands of Samar, the last remaining sand dunes in the southern Arava region...
Cattleman inDisguise. LCT Productions Pty Limited. ISBN 978-1-925441-17-8. Gray, John Edward (1845). Catalogue of the Specimens of Lizards in the Collection...
was featured in their production logo up until the studio's final film Spies inDisguise.[citation needed] Scrat makes a cameo appearance in the Family...
to lure it in. In the study of animal behavior, this is known as aggressive mimicry. Their unusual shape, colour, and skin textures disguise frogfish....
by riding on a guardian spirit in the form of a polar bear. Some folklore involves people turning into or disguising themselves as polar bears by donning...
Farnis Boneka, Robert J. Full: Underwater Bipedal Locomotion by Octopuses inDisguise, Science, March 25, 2005. Henderson, Mark (2009-12-15). "Indonesia's...
; O’Neill, Helen L.; Yang, Lei; Naylor, Gavin J. P. (2023). "Species inDisguise: A New Species of Hornshark from Northern Australia (Heterodontiformes:...
taste was usually disguised with herbs and spices; however, this did not prevent scurvygrass drinks and sandwiches becoming a popular fad in the UK until the...
Bullough wrote, "In fact, their very success indisguising their sexual orientation to the outside world leads us to hypothesize that lesbianism in the past was...
seeds were formerly offered on a tray by publicans to people who wished to disguise the odour of their drinker's breath. "North Carolina State Extension Gardener...
Indo-Pacific region. Like other octopuses, it uses its chromatophores to disguise itself. It is noteworthy for being able to impersonate a wide variety of...
reclassified A synonym is an alternative name for a taxon, i.e. a taxon was erroneously described twice When a taxon is transferred it becomes a new combination...
match the top side, while the other side remains white. This color scheme disguises halibut from above (blending with the ocean floor) and from below (blending...
on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 6 July 2009. In Didcot, poisoned rabbits were laid out as bait disguised as road-kill, targeting red kites Trivedi, Shruti...
British Army. He refused a request to visit Lhasa as an interpreter, disguised as a Yarkandi trader, a cover not guaranteed to fool the Russians, after...
(1974). Defence in Animals. Longman. pp. 172, 191–194, 201, 261 and passim. ISBN 978-0-582-44132-3. Wierauch C. (2006). "Anatomy of Disguise: Camouflaging...
Global Information