Taeniolabidoidea is a group of extinct mammals known whose fossils can be found in North America and Asia. They were the largest members of the extinct order Multituberculata, as well as the largest non-therian mammals. [citation needed]Lambdopsalis even provides direct fossil evidence of mammalian fur in a fairly good state of preservation for a 60-million-year-old animal. [citation needed]Some of these animals were large for their time; Taeniolabis taoensis is the largest known multituberculate and though smaller, Yubaatar is the largest known Mesozoic Asian multituberculate.[2]T. taoensis averaged a body mass of 22.7 kilograms (50 lb).[3]
The group was initially established as a suborder, before being assigned the rank of a superfamily by McKenna and Bell in 1997.[4][5] Two families are recognised: the primarily North American Taeniolabididae, composed of Taeniolabis and Kimbetopsalis, and the exclusively Asian Lambdopsalidae, composed of Lambdopsalis, Sphenopsalis and Prionessus, with Valenopsalis being a basal form outside of either clade.[6] Some of the fossils are well-preserved. Though the possible taeniolabidoid Bubodens is known from the Lancian Late Cretaceous deposits of South Dakota,[7] and Yubaatar is known from Late Cretaceous deposits in the Henan Province,[8] the clade is otherwise only clearly represented in Paleocene strata.[9]
Members of this group have dental formulas of 2.0.1.21.0.1.2 or 2.0.2.21.0.1.2. Russell notes that the taeniolabidoids had ever-growing, self-sharpening incisors, much like modern rodents, and the premolars that are usually characteristic of multituberculates are sometimes lost in this family.[10]
Derived characteristics of the taxon (apomorphies) include: "snout short and wide with anterior part of zygomatic arches directed transversely, resulting in a square-like shape of the skull (shared with Kogaionidae); frontals small, pointed posteriorly, almost or completely excluded from the orbital rim".[11]
Taeniolabidoidea is a group of extinct mammals known whose fossils can be found in North America and Asia. They were the largest members of the extinct...
from the Paleocene of North America. Taeniolabis is a member of the Taeniolabidoidea, a superfamily of multituberculates that are known for their highly...
suborder Cimolodonta though has been tentatively argued to belong to Taeniolabidoidea. This species is the only known member of the genus Bubodens, and may...
informal Paracimexomys group and the superfamilies Djadochtatherioidea, Taeniolabidoidea, and Ptilodontoidea. Additionally, and of uncertain affinities, are...
order Multituberculata within the suborder Cimolodonta and superfamily Taeniolabidoidea. The genus was named by William Diller Matthew and Walter Granger in...
Minnesota, New Series, r, p. 1-13. Fox (1999), "The monophyly of the Taeniolabidoidea (Mammalia: Multituberculata)", p. 26 in Leanza (ed.). Abstracts, VII...
dentition include: Cows Horses Deer At least two lineages of allotheres, Taeniolabidoidea and Gondwanatheria, developed hypsodont teeth, the latter being probably...
within the suborder Cimolodonta and is a member of the superfamily Taeniolabidoidea. Fossil remains have been found in the Late Paleocene Nomogen and Khashat...
Paleontology 44, p. 389-429. Much of this information has been derived from Eucosmodontidae, Microcosmodontidae and Taeniolabidoidea, an Internet directory....
Multituberculata, and lies within the suborder Cimolodonta and the superfamily Taeniolabidoidea. The genus was named by William Diller Matthew, W. Granger and George...
lower Cretaceous to the Eocene. The superfamilies Djadochtatherioidea, Taeniolabidoidea, Ptilodontoidea are recognized, as is the Paracimexomys group. Additionally...
Machine MESOZOIC MAMMALS; Eucosmodontidae, Microcosmodontidae and Taeniolabidoidea, an Internet directory. Kielan-Jaworowska Z. and Hurum J.H. (2001)...
†Ptilodontoidea Family †Cimolodontidae Family †Ptilodontidae Superfamily †Taeniolabidoidea Family †Cimolomyidae Family †Eucosmodontidae Family †Taeniolabididae...
within the suborder of Cimolodonta and a member of the superfamily Taeniolabidoidea. Recent research suggests that "Catopsalis" is actually a paraphyletic...
to Taeniolabidoidea. These small multituberculates were named by Rădulescu R. and Samson P. in 1996, who stated they "Share with Taeniolabidoidea the...
the two multituberculate clades within Taeniolabidoidea. Originally basically synonymous with Taeniolabidoidea, it has more recently been found to be...
multituberculate mammals from the Late Paleocene of Asia. They are part of Taeniolabidoidea, a clade otherwise present in the Early Paleocene (and possibly the...
accident, but had healed. Yubaatar was found to be basal to the clade Taeniolabidoidea, which consists of North American and Asian multituberculates; this...
relationships are hard to define. Some authors have placed the taxon within Taeniolabidoidea. Kielan-Jaworowska and Hurum (2001) expressly don't. The family Cimolomyidae...
Much of this information has been derived from [1] MESOZOIC MAMMALS: Eucosmodontidae, Microcosmodontidae and Taeniolabidoidea, an Internet directory....
the formation. An iguanian species is known from the formation. A taeniolabidoidea multituberculate is known from the formation. China portal Paleontology...
It is currently considered to be the most basal representative of Taeniolabidoidea.[citation needed] Willamson, T.E.; Brusatte, S.L.; Secord, R.; Shelley...
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