Relative conformational uniformity of repeating units in a macromolecule
Polymer science
Properties
Architecture
Tacticity
Morphology
Degradation
Phase behavior
Mark–Houwink theory
UCST
LCST
Flory–Huggins solution theory
Coil–globule transition
Synthesis
Chain-growth polymerization
Free-radical polymerization
Controlled radical polymerization
ATRP
RAFT
Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization
Step-growth polymerization
Condensation polymerization
Addition polymerization
Classification
Functional type
Polyolefin
Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polyisobutylene
Polyurethane
Polyester
Polycarbonate
Vinyl polymers
PVC
PVA
PVAc
Polystyrene
Structure
Homopolymer
Copolymer
Gels
Hydrogels
Self-healing hydrogels
Characterization
GPC
FTIR
X-ray crystallography
DSC
NMR
TGA
DMA
Rheology
Rheometry
Viscometry
Scientists
Flory
Heeger
MacDiarmid
Shirakawa
Natta
Edwards
de Gennes
Ziegler
Staudinger
Goodyear
Baekeland
Hayward
Braconnot
Applications
Industrial production
Extrusion
Blow molding
Applied coatings
Protective Coatings
3D printing
Consumer products
Tires
Whitewalls
Cookware and bakeware
Bakelite
Food Container
Vinyl record
Kevlar
Plastic bottle
Plastic bag
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A ball-and-stick model of syndiotactic polypropylene.
Tacticity (from Greek: τακτικός, romanized: taktikos, "relating to arrangement or order") is the relative stereochemistry of adjacent chiral centers within a macromolecule.[1] The practical significance of tacticity rests on the effects on the physical properties of the polymer. The regularity of the macromolecular structure influences the degree to which it has rigid, crystalline long range order or flexible, amorphous long range disorder. Precise knowledge of tacticity of a polymer also helps understanding at what temperature a polymer melts, how soluble it is in a solvent and its mechanical properties.
A tactic macromolecule in the IUPAC definition is a macromolecule in which essentially all the configurational (repeating) units are identical. Tacticity is particularly significant in vinyl polymers of the type -H 2C-CH(R)- where each repeating unit with a substituent R on one side of the polymer backbone is followed by the next repeating unit with the substituent on the same side as the previous one, the other side as the previous one or positioned randomly with respect to the previous one. In a hydrocarbon macromolecule with all carbon atoms making up the backbone in a tetrahedral molecular geometry, the zigzag backbone is in the paper plane with the substituents either sticking out of the paper or retreating into the paper. This projection is called the Natta projection after Giulio Natta. Monotactic macromolecules have one stereoisomeric atom per repeat unit, ditactic to n-tactic macromolecules have more than one stereoisomeric atom per unit.
IUPAC definition for tacticity
^Introduction to polymers R.J. Young ISBN 0-412-22170-5
sophistication and precision to defining tacticity, especially when information on long-range ordering is desirable. Tacticity measurements obtained by carbon-13...
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its tacticity, the orientation of the methyl groups (CH 3) relative to the methyl groups in neighboring monomer units (see above). The tacticity of polypropylene...
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the polymer. This feature is called tacticity. The polymerization conditions and the catalysts affect tacticity. Another major variation for vinyl polymers...
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control the stereochemistry (tacticity) of the olefin polymers (hence Ziegler–Natta catalyst). By controlling the tacticity of the polymer, a chain can...
block copolymers are simple examples of sequence-controlled polymers. Tacticity describes the relative stereochemistry of chiral centers in neighboring...
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phenyl groups determines the tacticity, which affects various physical properties of the material. In polystyrene, tacticity describes the extent to which...
substituents in place of methyl. Like other vinyl polymers, the polymers exhibit tacticity. Polymerization is typically initiated with Lewis acids such as boron...
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crescent tactic) and by Saladin at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. Genghis Khan used a rudimentary form known colloquially as the horns tactic. Two enveloping...
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2024. "A decade after the New York Police Department's stop-and-frisk tactic was deemed unconstitutional, the police are still unlawfully stopping and...
rates. In stereoblock copolymers the blocks or units differ only in the tacticity of the monomers. In gradient copolymers the monomer composition changes...
the 11th Air Fleet), is sometimes credited with inventing the kamikaze tactic. Arima personally led an attack by a Mitsubishi G4M "Betty" twin engined...
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