Conversation theory
Entropy
Feedback
Goal-oriented
Homeostasis
Information theory
Operationalization
Second-order cybernetics
Self-reference
System dynamics
Systems science
Systems thinking
Sensemaking
Variety
Theory of computation
Nonlinear dynamics
Time series analysis
Ordinary differential equations
Phase space
Attractors
Population dynamics
Chaos
Multistability
Bifurcation
Coupled map lattices
Game theory
Prisoner's dilemma
Rational choice theory
Bounded rationality
Evolutionary game theory
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An illustration of the systems approach to biology
Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and modeling of complex biological systems. It is a biology-based interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological research.[1]
Particularly from the year 2000 onwards, the concept has been used widely in biology in a variety of contexts. The Human Genome Project is an example of applied systems thinking in biology which has led to new, collaborative ways of working on problems in the biological field of genetics.[2] One of the aims of systems biology is to model and discover emergent properties, properties of cells, tissues and organisms functioning as a system whose theoretical description is only possible using techniques of systems biology.[1][3] These typically involve metabolic networks or cell signaling networks.[1][4]
^ abcTavassoly, Iman; Goldfarb, Joseph; Iyengar, Ravi (2018-10-04). "Systems biology primer: the basic methods and approaches". Essays in Biochemistry. 62 (4): 487–500. doi:10.1042/EBC20180003. ISSN 0071-1365. PMID 30287586. S2CID 52922135.
^Zewail, Ahmed (2008). Physical Biology: From Atoms to Medicine. Imperial College Press. p. 339.
^Longo, Giuseppe; Montévil, Maël (2014). Perspectives on Organisms - Springer. Lecture Notes in Morphogenesis. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35938-5. ISBN 978-3-642-35937-8. S2CID 27653540.
^Bu Z, Callaway DJ (2011). "Proteins MOVE! Protein dynamics and long-range allostery in cell signaling". Protein Structure and Diseases. Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology. Vol. 83. pp. 163–221. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-381262-9.00005-7. ISBN 978-0-123-81262-9. PMID 21570668.
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biological systems, and advocates an interdisciplinary approach to biological research. Systemsbiology is the study of biological systems in a holistic...
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