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Rate of modulation of a digital signal
In a digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbol rate, modulation rate or baud rate is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events across the transmission medium per unit of time. The symbol rate is measured in baud (Bd) or symbols per second. In the case of a line code, the symbol rate is the pulse rate in pulses per second. Each symbol can represent or convey one or several bits of data. The symbol rate is related to the gross bit rate, expressed in bits per second.
digitally modulated signal or a line code, symbolrate, modulation rate or baud rate is the number of symbol changes, waveform changes, or signaling events...
telecommunication and electronics, baud (/bɔːd/; symbol: Bd) is a common unit of measurement of symbolrate, which is one of the components that determine...
rate (also known as volume flow rate, or volume velocity) is the volume of fluid which passes per unit time; usually it is represented by the symbol Q...
Harry Nyquist was working. In that context it is an upper bound for the symbolrate across a bandwidth-limited baseband channel such as a telegraph line...
We will not sell it". Also, the → symbol is often used to denote "changed to", as in the sentence "The interest rate changed. March 20% → April 21%". Philosophy...
time Data signaling rate or gross bit rate, a bit rate that includes protocol overhead Symbolrate or baud rate, the number of symbol changes, waveform...
consisting of 1000 tones per second, the symbolrate is 1000 symbols/second, or 1000 baud. Since each tone (i.e., symbol) represents a message consisting of...
(2B) into one quaternary symbol (1Q). Symbolrate is half of data rate. A competing encoding technique in the ISDN basic rate U interface, mainly used...
Frequency (symbol f), most often measured in hertz (symbol: Hz), is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time. It is also occasionally...
Bit Rate): 1.62 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (162 MHz link symbolrate) HBR (High Bit Rate): 2.70 Gbit/s bandwidth per lane (270 MHz link symbolrate) HBR2...
interface type, uses a different encoding scheme in order to keep the symbolrate as low as possible, allowing transmission over twisted pair. IEEE 802...
in 1667. In contemporary English usage, @ is a commercial symbol, meaning at and at the rate of or at the price of. It has rarely been used in financial...
in bit/symbol, which is equivalent to bits per channel use (bpcu), implying that the net bit rate is divided by the symbolrate (modulation rate) or line...
is the maximum rate at which the signal will complete one cycle. It is typically half the symbolrate, because one can send a symbol both at the positive...
ms to 10 ms). Bit rates are increased up to 1 Mbit/s peak bandwidth and latencies down to 80 ms using dual carrier, higher symbolrate and higher-order...
along with the signal, either at the symbolrate or at a lower (but synchronized) frequency from which a symbol clock can be reconstructed. Since the...
Hard disk drive performance characteristics § Data transfer rate Parallel port Symbolrate (baud) "Mega transfer". Encyclopedia of Information Technology...
through 4B5B binary encoding to generate a series of 0 and 1 symbols clocked at a 125 MHz symbolrate. The 4B5B encoding provides DC equalization and spectrum...
(Bq) – the SI unit for the rate of occurrence of aperiodic or stochastic radionuclide events baud (Bd) – the unit for symbolrate over a communication link...
end-to-end signaling rate is the lowest signaling rate among the component channels. Bit rate Bandwidth (computing) Baud Symbolrate This article incorporates...
other symbols. The universal recycling symbol (U+2672 ♲ UNIVERSAL RECYCLING SYMBOL or U+267B ♻ BLACK UNIVERSAL RECYCLING SYMBOL in Unicode) is a symbol consisting...