"Reverend Moon" redirects here. For Pastor Moon Ik-hwan, see Moon Ik-hwan.
The native form of this personal name is Moon Sun-myung. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.
In this Korean name, the family name is Moon.
Sun Myung Moon
Moon delivering a speech in Las Vegas, 2010
Born
Moon Yong-Myeong
(1920-01-06)6 January 1920
Chongju, Heianhoku-dō, Korea, Empire of Japan (now North Pyongan Province, North Korea)
Died
3 September 2012(2012-09-03) (aged 92)
Gapyeong County, South Korea
Nationality
South Korean
Occupations
Religious leader
businessman
media mogul
political activist
Known for
Founder of the Unification Church
Spouses
Choi Sun-kil
(m. 1945; div. 1957)
Hak Ja Han
(m. 1960)
Children
16, including:
In Jin Moon
Heung Jin Moon
Un Jin Moon
Hyun Jin Moon
Moon Kook-jin (Justin Moon)
Hyung Jin Moon (Sean Moon)
Korean name
Hangul
문선명
Hanja
文鮮明
Revised Romanization
Mun Seon-myeong
McCune–Reischauer
Mun Sŏnmyŏng
Birth name
Hangul
문용명
Hanja
文龍明
Revised Romanization
Mun Yong-myeong
McCune–Reischauer
Mun Yongmyŏng
Sun Myung Moon (Korean: 문선명; Hanja: 文鮮明; born Moon Yong-Myeong; 6 January 1920 – 3 September 2012) was a Korean religious leader, also known for his business ventures and support for conservative political causes.[1][2] A messiah claimant, he was the founder of the Unification Church, whose members consider him and his wife Hak Ja Han to be their "True Parents",[3] and of its widely noted "Blessing" or mass wedding ceremonies. The author of the Unification Church's religious scripture, the Divine Principle,[4][5][6] he was an anti-communist and an advocate for Korean reunification, for which he was recognized by the governments of both North and South Korea.[7] Businesses he promoted included News World Communications, an international news media corporation known for its American subsidiary The Washington Times,[8][9][10] and Tongil Group, a South Korean business group (chaebol),[11][12][13] as well as other related organizations.[1][14]
Moon was born in what is now North Korea. When he was a child, his family converted to Christianity.[15] In the 1940s and 1950s, he was imprisoned multiple times by the North and South Korean governments during his early new-religious ministries,[16] formally founding the Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity, simply known as the Unification Church, in Seoul, South Korea, in 1954.
The Unification Church teaches conservative, family-oriented values from new interpretations of the Christian Bible mixed with theology from Moon's own text, the Divine Principle.[15][16] In 1971, Moon moved to the United States[17] and became well known after giving a series of public speeches on his beliefs.[18][19][20] In the 1982 case United States v. Sun Myung Moon, he was found guilty of willfully filing false federal income tax returns and sentenced to 18 months in federal prison. His case generated protests from clergy and civil libertarians, who said that the trial was biased against him.[21]
Moon was criticized for making high demands of his followers, and at many times requesting their life savings be donated to church activities. These demands led to many struggles for families of those who donated.[22][23][24] Many of his followers were very dedicated and were often referred to in popular parlance as "Moonies".[25] His wedding ceremonies also drew criticism, especially after members of other churches took part, including the excommunicated Roman Catholic archbishop Emmanuel Milingo.[26] He was also criticized for his relationships with political and religious figures, including US presidents Richard Nixon,[27] George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush; Soviet president Mikhail Gorbachev;[28] North Korean president Kim Il Sung;[29] and Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan.[30]
^ abWakin, Daniel J. (2 September 2012). "Rev. Sun Myung Moon, Self-Proclaimed Messiah Who Built Religious Movement, Dies at 92". The New York Times. p. A17. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
^News desk (2 September 2012). "Religious Leader, Media Mogul Rev. Sun Myung Moon Dies at Age 92". PBS NewsHour. 1996–2013 MacNeil/Lehrer Productions. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
^Cite error: The named reference Chryssides2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Moon's death marks end of an era Archived 29 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Eileen Barker, CNN, 2012-9-3, Although Moon is likely to be remembered for all these things – mass weddings, accusations of brainwashing, political intrigue and enormous wealth – he should also be remembered as creating what was arguably one of the most comprehensive and innovative theologies embraced by a new religion of the period.
^Xaykaothao, Doualy (3 September 2013). "Sun Myung Moon, Unification Church Founder, Dies". NPR (National Public Radio). Retrieved 16 June 2013. The Rev. Sun Myung Moon, founder of the Unification Church, has died at the age of 92 in Korea. Unification church members viewed him as a messiah, despite allegations of cult-like behavior and financial fraud. Moon was known for presiding over mass weddings and starting the conservative newspaper The Washington Times.
^Hyung-Jin Kim (2 September 2012). "Unification Church founder Rev. Sun Myung Moon dies at 92". USA Today. ISSN 0734-7456. Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2012. The Rev. Sun Myung Moon was a self-proclaimed messiah who built a global business empire. He called both North Korean leaders and American presidents his friends, but spent time in prisons in both countries. His followers around the world cherished him, while his detractors accused him of brainwashing recruits and extracting money from worshippers.
^Sun Myung Moon's Groundbreaking Campaign to Open North Korea, The Atlantic, Armin Rosen, 6 September 2012, But for all the focus on the eccentric mogul's quirks and U.S. investments, his role in North Korea may turn out to be his most enduring legacy, a fascinating story of how one man opened one of the very few cracks in this modern hermit kingdom.
^"Who Owns What: News World Communications, Inc". The Columbia Journalism Review. 24 November 2003. Archived from the original on 1 September 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2020. News World Communications is the media arm of Reverend Sun Myung Moon's Unification Church. Holdings: Newspapers and Magazines: GolfStyles Magazine, Middle Eastern Times, The Segye Ilbo (South Korea), The Sekai Nippo (Tokyo), Tiempos del Mundo (Online Only), World and I. Wire Service: United Press International (UPI).
^"Yahoo Finance - Business Finance, Stock Market, Quotes, News". biz.yahoo.com. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
^Shapira, Ian (3 November 2010). "Moon group buys back Washington Times". The Washington Post. p. C1.
^Kim, Hyung-eun (12 April 2010). "Business engine of a global faith". Joong Ang Daily.
^Kirk, Don (2 May 1998). "Reverend Moon's Group Wants to Talk Investment: Seoul Nods at Church's Foray North". The New York Times. The Unification Church, whose Tongil Group ranks about 35th in size among South Korean conglomerates, appears to have Seoul's permission to discuss possible investments with North Korea. Tongil, which means "unification" in Korean, owns factories and a chain of small stores in the South.
^Kirk, Donald (2 May 2010). "Sons rise in a Moon's shadow". Forbes.
^Hagerty, Barbara Bradley (2 September 2012). "Rev. Moon, A 'Savior' To Some, Lived A Big Dream". NPR. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
^ abUrquhart, Conal (2 September 2013). "Sun Myung Moon, founder of the Moonies, dies in South Korea". The Guardian. London. 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 12 June 2013. Moon was born in what would become North Korea in 1920 to a family that followed Confucian beliefs, but when he was 10 years old the family converted to Christianity and joined the Presbyterian church.
^ abBrown, Emma (2 September 2012). "Sun Myung Moon dies at 92; Washington Times owner led the Unification Church". The Washington Post. ISSN 0740-5421. Archived from June 2013 the original on 28 September 2013. self-professed messiah who claimed millions of religious followers in his Unification Church and sought to become a powerful voice in the American conservative movement through business interests{{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)
^excerpt Archived 29 April 2003 at the Wayback Machine The Unification Church Studies in Contemporary Religion, Massimo Introvigne, 2000, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, Utah, ISBN 1-56085-145-7
^Quebedeaux, Richard (1982). Richard Quebedeaux, Lifestyle: Conversations with Members of Unification Church. Erick Rodriguez. ISBN 9780932894182. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
^"Moon Festival Draws 50,000 to Monument", Washington Post, 19 September 1976.
^Introvigne, Massimo, 2000, The Unification Church Studies in Contemporary Religion, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, Utah, ISBN 1-56085-145-7, excerpt Archived 29 April 2003 at the Wayback Machine
^Raspberry, William, "Did Unpopular Moonie Get a Fair Trial?", Washington Post, 19 April 1984
^Schoifet, Mark (2 September 2012). "Sun Myung Moon, Church Head Who Ran Business Empire, Dies". Business Week. Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
^A+E Networks. (September 2013). "Sun Myung Moon.biography". Biography.com. Archived from the original on 3 June 2013. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
^Richard Greene; K.J. Kwon; Greg Botelho (3 September 2013). "Rev. Moon, religious and political figure, dies in South Korea at 92". CNN. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
^"Moon wedding: Getting married with 4,000 others". BBC News. 28 June 2012.
^"The archbishop's wife speaks for herself", National Catholic Reporter 31 August 2001
^Introvigne, Massimo, 2000, The Unification Church Studies in Contemporary Religion, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, Utah, ISBN 1-56085-145-7, excerpt Archived 29 April 2003 at the Wayback Machine page 16
^EVOLUTION IN EUROPE; New Flock for Moon Church: The Changing Soviet Student from The New York Times
^At Time of Change for Rev. Moon Church, a Return to Tradition // The New York Times, 14 October 2009
^Clarkson, Frederick (9 October 2000). "Million Moon March". Salon. Salon.com, Inc. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2009.
SunMyungMoon (Korean: 문선명; Hanja: 文鮮明; born Moon Yong-Myeong; 6 January 1920 – 3 September 2012) was a Korean religious leader, also known for his business...
informally Moonies. SunMyungMoon (1920–2012) began gaining followers after the Second World War. On 1 May 1954 in Seoul, South Korea, Moon formally founded...
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Moon (Korean: 한학자; Hanja: 韓鶴子; born February 10, 1943 January 6, 1943, lunar calendar) is a South Korean religious leader. Her late husband SunMyung...
and daughter-in-law of SunMyungMoon, founder of the ballet company. She was the prima ballerina of the company. Julia Moon was born in 1963 in Washington...
Lord Heung Jin Nim (흥진님 귀족), was the second son of church founders SunMyungMoon and Hak Ja Han. At the age of 17 he died in a vehicle accident in New...
Family Peace Association are Hyun Jin Moon (one of the sons of Unification Church founder SunMyungMoon) and Junsook Moon. Jinman Kwak is its president. The...
America by the international Unification Church's founder and leader SunMyungMoon. It expanded in the 1970s and then became involved in controversy due...
author of the autobiography, In the Shadow of the Moons: My Life in the Reverend SunMyungMoon's Family, published in 1998 by Little, Brown and Company...
SunMoon may refer to: Abbreviation of Korean names with the surname Moon (문) and the generation name Sun (선, Seon): SunMyungMoon (1920–2012), founder...
supporters of the Unification Church, founded by SunMyungMoon, are as follows: The family of Reverend SunMyungMoon (1920–2012), founder and leader of the Unification...
of the Unification Church led by Hyung Jin Moon and Kook-jin Moon. Both of them are sons of SunMyungMoon and Hak Ja Han. Their father is the founder...
SunMyungMoon, founder of the Unification Church, believed in a literal Kingdom of God on earth to be brought about by human effort, motivating his establishment...
Church leader SunMyungMoon, and it was owned until 2010 by News World Communications, an international media conglomerate founded by Moon. It is currently...
in New York City, in 1976, by Unification Church founder and leader SunMyungMoon. Its first two newspapers, The News World, later renamed the New York...
His father, SunMyungMoon, was the founder of the Unification Church, an international new religious movement. Born in South Korea, Moon moved to the...
and a daughter of Unification Church founder Reverend SunMyungMoon and his wife Hak Ja Han. Moon was born in South Korea in 1965 and moved with her family...
for the Korean independence movement the Unification Church led by SunMyungMoon has been highly politically active. The degree of involvement of the...
Korea-born SunMyungMoon, the Unification Church (also known as the Unification movement) holds a strong anti-Communist position. In the 1940s, Moon cooperated...
Mother (Galatians 4:26), and that Ahn Sahng-Hong is God the Father. SunMyungMoon (1920–2012), believed by members of the Unification Church to be the...
(1909–1965), Arnold Murray (1929–2014), Wesley A. Swift (1913–1970), and SunMyungMoon (1920–2012) played important roles in spreading different versions of...
Church. Takeshi Yashiro, one of the five founders, later claimed that SunMyungMoon himself had founded the company. True World Foods which took over The...
Un Jin Moon (born 1967) is a Korean American equestrian and a daughter of Unification Church founder SunMyungMoon. She was chosen by the Korean Athletic...
founder SunMyungMoon as his main English interpreter during speaking tours in the United States, he was referred to in the media as Moon's "right-hand...