Global InformationStar of Bethlehem information
The Star of Bethlehem, or Christmas Star,[1] appears in the nativity story of the Gospel of Matthew chapter 2 where "wise men from the East" (Magi) are inspired by the star to travel to Jerusalem. There, they meet King Herod of Judea, and ask him:
Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.[2]
Herod calls together his scribes and priests who, quoting a verse from the Book of Micah, interpret it as a prophecy that the Jewish Messiah would be born in Bethlehem to the south of Jerusalem. Secretly intending to find and kill the Messiah in order to preserve his own kingship, Herod invites the wise men to return to him on their way home.
The star leads them to Jesus' Bethlehem birthplace, where they worship him and give him gifts. The wise men are then given a divine warning not to return to Herod, so they return home by a different route.[3]
Many Christians believe the star was a miraculous sign. Some theologians claimed that the star fulfilled a prophecy, known as the Star Prophecy.[4] Astronomers have made several attempts to link the star to unusual celestial events, such as a conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn or Jupiter and Venus,[5] a comet, or a supernova.[6] Some modern scholars do not consider the story to be describing a historical event, but rather a pious fiction added later to the main gospel account.[7]
The subject is a favorite at planetarium shows during the Christmas season.[8] However, most ancient sources and Church tradition generally indicate that the wise men visited Bethlehem sometime after Jesus' birth.[9] The visit is traditionally celebrated on Epiphany (January 6) in Western Christianity.[10]
The account in the Gospel of Matthew describes Jesus with the broader Greek word παιδίον, paidíon, which can mean either "infant" or "child" rather than the more specific word for infant, βρέφος, bréphos. This possibly implies that some time has passed since the birth. However, the word παιδίον, paidíon is also used in the Gospel of Luke specifically concerning Jesus' birth and his later presentation at the temple.[11] Herod I has all male Hebrew babies in the area up to age two killed in the Massacre of the Innocents.
- ^ "A Christmas Star for SOHO". NASA. Archived from the original on December 24, 2004. Retrieved 2008-07-04..
- ^ Matthew 2:1–2
- ^ Matthew 2:11–12
- ^ Freed, Edwin D. (2001). The Stories of Jesus' Birth: A Critical Introduction. Continuum International. p. 93. ISBN 0-567-08046-3.
- ^ Telegraph (2008-12-09). "Jesus was born in June". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2011-12-14..
- ^ "Star of Bethlehem." Cross, F. L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian Church. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005.
- ^ For example, Paul L. Maier, "Herod and the Infants of Bethlehem", in Chronos, Kairos, Christos II, Mercer University Press (1998), 171; Geza Vermes, The Nativity: History and Legend, London: Penguin, 2006, p. 22; E. P. Sanders, The Historical Figure of Jesus, 1993, p. 85; Aaron Michael Adair, "Science, Scholarship and Bethlehem's Starry Night", Sky and Telescope, Dec. 2007, pp. 26–29 (reviewing astronomical theories).
- ^ John, Mosley. "Common Errors in 'Star of Bethlehem' Planetarium Shows". Archived from the original on 2008-05-16. Retrieved 2008-06-05..
- ^ Andrews, Samuel James (2020). "When did the Magi visit?". Salem Web Network. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ Ratti, John. "First Sunday after the Epiphany". Archived from the original on 2008-06-13. Retrieved 2008-06-05..
- ^ Luke 2:17, 27