This article is about the game theory problem about stag hunting. For the painting about stag hunting, see Stag Hunt. For stag hunting, see Deer hunting.
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In game theory, the stag hunt, sometimes referred to as the assurance game, trust dilemma or common interest game, describes a conflict between safety and social cooperation. The stag hunt problem originated with philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau in his Discourse on Inequality. In the most common account of this dilemma, which is quite different from Rousseau's, two hunters must decide separately, and without the other knowing, whether to hunt a stag or a hare. However, both hunters know the only way to successfully hunt a stag is with the other's help. One hunter can catch a hare alone with less effort and less time, but it is worth far less than a stag and has much less meat. But both hunters would be better off if both choose the more ambitious and more rewarding goal of getting the stag, giving up some autonomy in exchange for the other hunter's cooperation and added might. This situation is often seen as a useful analogy for many kinds of social cooperation, such as international agreements on climate change.[1]
The stag hunt differs from the prisoner's dilemma in that there are two pure-strategy Nash equilibria:[2] one where both players cooperate, and one where both players defect. In the Prisoner's Dilemma, in contrast, despite the fact that both players cooperating is Pareto efficient, the only pure Nash equilibrium is when both players choose to defect.
An example of the payoff matrix for the stag hunt is pictured in Figure 2.
Stag
Hare
Stag
a, a
c, b
Hare
b, c
d, d
Fig. 1: Generic symmetric stag hunt
Stag
Hare
Stag
10, 10
1, 8
Hare
8, 1
5, 5
Fig. 2: Stag hunt example
^david1gibbon (February 11, 2013). "Uses of Game Theory in International Relations". Economic Theory of Networks at Temple University.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^Fang C, Kimbrough SO, Pace S, Valluri A, Zheng Z (2002). "On Adaptive Emergence of Trust Behavior in the Game of Stag Hunt". Group Decision and Negotiation. 11 (6): 449–467. doi:10.1023/A:1020639132471. S2CID 7187903. Retrieved 2022-07-07.
In game theory, the staghunt, sometimes referred to as the assurance game, trust dilemma or common interest game, describes a conflict between safety...
StagHunt (French: Chasse au cerf) is an oil on canvas painting by Flemish painter Paul Bril. It was probably painted in the 1590s, and is currently housed...
The StagHunt mosaic (c. 300 BC) is a mosaic from a wealthy home of the late 4th century BC, the so-called "House of the Abduction of Helen" (or "House...
to hunt a Stag or a Hare. Naturally hunting a Stag will provide greater utility in comparison to hunting a Hare. However, in order to hunt a Stag both...
and queens of Narnia, chase the White Stag on a hunt, as the Stag is said to grant its captor a wish. The hunt is key in returning the Pevensies to their...
commonly referred to as a “staghunt” (Fig.5), which represents the following scenario. Two hunters can choose to either hunt a stag together (which provides...
correspondences for the staghunt game. The dotted line in Figure 1 shows the optimal probability that player Y plays 'Stag' (in the y-axis), as a function...
and whether they will take risks to achieve a cooperative outcome (see staghunt). It has been used to study the adoption of technical standards,[citation...
composition of the ensemble using turning movement and facial expression. The StagHunt Mosaic by Gnosis is a mosaic from a wealthy home of the late 4th century...
standard representations of chicken, the prisoner's dilemma, and the staghunt are all symmetric games. The most commonly studied asymmetric games are...
male strategies". Nature Vol.380, pp. 240–243 Skyrms, Brian. (2003) The staghunt and Evolution of Social Structure Cambridge: Cambridge University Press...
Lucas Cranach the Elder, A StagHunt with the Elector Friedrich the Wise, 1529 Peter Paul Rubens, Hippopotamus and Crocodile Hunt, c. 1615 Peter Paul Rubens...
signaling game Volunteer's dilemma Dollar auction Battle of the sexes Staghunt Matching pennies Ultimatum game Rock paper scissors Pirate game Dictator...
payoff. The game in Figure 1 is a well-known game-theoretic dilemma called staghunt. The rationale behind it is that communal action (hunting) yields a higher...
used to hunt fallow deer in packs. From the Middle Ages, the hunting of deer in England varied depending on whether the quarry was the large stag or red...
the classic staghunt, usually cited to Livre de la Chasse by Gaston III, Count of Foix. Thirdly is the established story of the unicorn hunt, where the...
elaphus) is one of the largest deer species. A male red deer is called a stag or hart, and a female is called a doe or hind. The red deer inhabits most...
capital, in today's Central Macedonia. Mosaics such as the "StagHunt Mosaic and Lion Hunt" mosaic demonstrate illusionist and three dimensional qualities...
Guinevere and her maiden company while other knights participate in a staghunt near Cardigan when a strange knight, a maiden, and his dwarf approach...
late-fourth-century BC mosaics of Pella, Macedonia, in particular the StagHunt Mosaic, in the House of the Abduction of Helen, inscribed gnosis epoesen...
A white stag (or white hind for the female) is a white-colored red deer, wapiti, sika deer, chital, fallow deer, roe deer, white-tailed deer, black-tailed...
2011 9ine Candace Episode: "May" Switched at Birth Lizzy Episode: "The StagHunt" 2012 How I Met Your Mother Mia Episode: "The Autumn of Break-Ups" 2013...
Poliorcetes. In Pella, the capital of Macedonia, the artist Gnosis creates his StagHunt mosaic floor decoration. "Antioch modern and ancient city, south-central...
Peritas Staghunt mosaic from Pella, by Gnosis. The dog depicted here could be Peritas. Species Dog Sex Male Occupation Hunting dog and military mascot...
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