This article is about the bat in the family Phyllostomidae. For the false vampire bats in the old world, see Megadermatidae.
Spectral bat
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Order:
Chiroptera
Family:
Phyllostomidae
Genus:
Vampyrum Rafinesque, 1815
Species:
V. spectrum
Binomial name
Vampyrum spectrum
(Linnaeus, 1758[2])
Synonyms
Vespertilio spectrum Linnaeus, 1758
Phyllostomus spectrum Daudin, 1802
Phyllostoma spectrum É Geoffroy, 1810
Vampyrus spectrum Ranzani, 1820
The spectral bat (Vampyrum spectrum), also called the great false vampire bat, great spectral bat, American false vampire bat or Linnaeus's false vampire bat, is a large, carnivorous leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. It is the only member of the genus Vampyrum; its closest living relative is the big-eared woolly bat. It is the largest bat species in the New World, as well as the largest carnivorous bat: its wingspan is 0.7–1.0 m (2.3–3.3 ft). It has a robust skull and teeth, with which it delivers a powerful bite to kill its prey. Birds are frequent prey items, though it may also consume rodents, insects, and other bats.
Unlike the majority of bat species, it is monogamous. Colonies consist of an adult male and female and their offspring. The adult male will bring food back to the roost to provision the adult female and their offspring. Colonies generally roost in tree hollows, though individuals may roost in caves. Due to habitat destruction and its low population density, it is listed as a near-threatened species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
^Solari, S. (2018). "Vampyrum spectrum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22843A22059426. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22843A22059426.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^Linnæus, Carl (1758). Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I [By means of the three kingdoms of nature, the nature of the system, according to the classes, ordines, genera, species, with the characters, the differences, synonyms, places.] (in Latin) (10th ed.). Holmiæ: Laurentius Salvius. p. 31. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
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