Smoke rising from Saigon after facilities and ships in the city were attacked by United States Navy aircraft on 12 January 1945
Date
10–20 January 1945
Location
South China Sea
Status
US victory
Belligerents
United States
Japan
Commanders and leaders
William Halsey Jr. John S. McCain Sr.
Hisaichi Terauchi
Casualties and losses
Aircraft losses between 3 and 25 January:
98 aircraft, 136 aircrew (combat)
103 aircraft, 31 aircrew (operational)[1]
Losses between 3 and 25 January:
300,000 tons of shipping
615 aircraft[1]
Hundreds of civilians killed and wounded
v
t
e
Philippines campaign (1944–45)
Visayas
Leyte
Panay
Simara
Negros
Cebu City
Luzon
Mindoro
Lingayen Gulf
Kirang Pass
Cabanatuan
Bataan
Manila
Corregidor
Baguio
Villa Verde Trail
Los Baños
Palawan
Wawa Dam
Bessang Pass
Mindanao
Bukidnon
Cotabato and Maguindanao
Davao
Naval operations
Convoy Hi-71
Shin'yō Maru incident
Formosa
Leyte Gulf
Ormoc Bay
Convoy Hi-81
South China Sea raid
Raid on Taihoku
Action of 24 July 1945
The South China Sea raid (designated Operation Gratitude) was an operation conducted by the United States Third Fleet between 10 and 20 January 1945 during the Pacific War of World War II. The raid was undertaken to support the liberation of Luzon in the Philippines, and targeted Japanese warships, supply convoys and aircraft in the region.
After attacking airfields and shipping at Formosa and Luzon, the Third Fleet entered the South China Sea during the night of 9–10 January. Aircraft flying from its aircraft carriers attacked Japanese shipping off French Indochina on 12 January, sinking 44 vessels. The fleet then sailed north and attacked Formosa again on 15 January. Further raids were conducted against Hong Kong, Canton and Hainan the next day. The Third Fleet departed the South China Sea on 20 January and, after making further attacks on Formosa and the Ryukyu Islands, returned to its base on 25 January.
The Third Fleet's operations in the South China Sea were highly successful. It destroyed many Japanese ships and aircraft, while losing relatively few of its own aircraft. Historians have judged the destruction of cargo vessels and oil tankers to have been the most important result of the raid, as these losses contributed to closing a supply route which was vital to the Japanese war effort. Subsequent attacks by Allied aircraft and warships forced the Japanese to cease sending ships into the South China Sea after March 1945.
^ abBrown 2009, p. 278.
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Global Information
United States
Japan