Global InformationSolar simulator information
A solar simulator (also artificial sun or sunlight simulator) is a device that provides illumination approximating natural sunlight. The purpose of the solar simulator is to provide a controllable indoor test facility under laboratory conditions. It can be used for the testing of any processes or materials that are photosensitive, including solar cells,[1] sun screen,[2] cosmetics,[3] plastics, aerospace materials,[4] skin cancer,[5] bioluminescence,[6] photosynthesis,[7] water treatment,[8] crude-oil degradation,[9] and free radical formation.[10] Solar simulators are used in a wide range of research areas including photobiology,[11] photo-oxidation,[12] photodegradation,[13] photovoltaics,[14] and photocatalysis.[15]
- ^ Esen, Vedat; Sağlam, Şafak; Oral, Bülent (September 2017). "Light sources of solar simulators for photovoltaic devices: A review". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 77: 1240–1250. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.062.
- ^ Sayre, Robert M.; Agin, Patricia Poh; LeVee, Gordon J.; Marlowe, Edward (March 1979). "A Comparison of in Vivo and in Vitro Testing of Sunscreening Formulas". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 29 (3): 559–566. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1979.tb07090.x. PMID 441130. S2CID 42223855.
- ^ Uhlmann, B.; Mann, T.; Gers-Barlag, H.; Alert, D.; Sauermann, G. (February 1996). "Consequences for sun protection factors when solar simulator spectra deviate from the spectrum of the sun". International Journal of Cosmetic Science. 18 (1): 13–24. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1996.tb00132.x. PMID 19245475. S2CID 5982544.
- ^ Gunther, Matthew (1 December 2020). "Design and Validation of an LED-Based Solar Simulator for Solar Cell and Thermal Testing". Master's Theses. doi:10.15368/theses.2020.158. S2CID 266446440.
- ^ Mabruk, Mohamed J. E. M. F.; Toh, Lim K.; Murphy, Miriam; Leader, Mary; Kay, Elaine; Murphy, Gillian M. (July 2009). "Investigation of the effect of UV irradiation on DNA damage: comparison between skin cancer patients and normal volunteers". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 36 (7): 760–765. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01164.x. PMID 19519607. S2CID 205816697.
- ^ Giménez, Bárbara N.; Conte, Leandro O.; Alfano, Orlando M.; Schenone, Agustina V. (June 2020). "Paracetamol removal by photo-Fenton processes at near-neutral pH using a solar simulator: Optimization by D-optimal experimental design and toxicity evaluation". Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 397: 112584. doi:10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112584. S2CID 218927192.
- ^ Herrmann, H.; Häder, D.-P.; Köfferlein, M.; Seidlitz, H.K.; Ghetti, F. (June 1996). "Effects of UV radiation on photosynthesis of phytoplankton exposed to solar simulator light". Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 34 (1): 21–28. doi:10.1016/1011-1344(95)07245-4.
- ^ Philippe, Karine K.; Timmers, Ruud; van Grieken, Rafael; Marugan, Javier (23 March 2016). "Photocatalytic Disinfection and Removal of Emerging Pollutants from Effluents of Biological Wastewater Treatments, Using a Newly Developed Large-Scale Solar Simulator". Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. 55 (11): 2952–2958. doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04927.
- ^ D'Auria, M.; Racioppi, R.; Velluzzi, V. (1 April 2008). "Photodegradation of Crude Oil: Liquid Injection and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction for Crude Oil Analysis by Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometer Detector". Journal of Chromatographic Science. 46 (4): 339–344. doi:10.1093/chromsci/46.4.339. PMID 18402726.
- ^ Faust, Bruce C.; Allen, John M. (1 June 1993). "Aqueous-phase photochemical formation of hydroxyl radical in authentic cloudwaters and fogwaters". Environmental Science & Technology. 27 (6): 1221–1224. Bibcode:1993EnST...27.1221F. doi:10.1021/es00043a024.
- ^ Sayre, Robert M.; Dowdy, John C. (January 2010). "Examination of Solar Simulators Used for the Determination of Sunscreen UVA Efficacy". Photochemistry and Photobiology. 86 (1): 162–167. doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00633.x. PMID 19906095. S2CID 22548669.
- ^ Thiele, Jens J.; Traber, Maret G.; Packer, Lester (May 1998). "Depletion of Human Stratum Corneum Vitamin E: An Early and Sensitive In Vivo Marker of UV Induced Photo-Oxidation". Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 110 (5): 756–761. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00169.x. PMID 9579541.
- ^ Kohtani, Shigeru; Koshiko, Masaya; Kudo, Akihiko; Tokumura, Kunihiro; Ishigaki, Yasuhito; Toriba, Akira; Hayakawa, Kazuichi; Nakagaki, Ryoichi (November 2003). "Photodegradation of 4-alkylphenols using BiVO4 photocatalyst under irradiation with visible light from a solar simulator". Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 46 (3): 573–586. doi:10.1016/S0926-3373(03)00320-5.
- ^ Tawfik, M.; Tonnellier, X.; Sansom, C. (July 2018). "Light source selection for a solar simulator for thermal applications: A review". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 90: 802–813. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.059. hdl:1826/15019. S2CID 115965335.
- ^ Brandi, Rodolfo J.; Rintoul, Gerardo; Alfano, Orlando M.; Cassano, Alberto E. (15 November 2002). "Photocatalytic reactors: Reaction kinetics in a flat plate solar simulator". Catalysis Today. 76 (2): 161–175. doi:10.1016/S0920-5861(02)00216-X. hdl:11336/30083. ISSN 0920-5861.