Behavior among two or more organisms within the same species
"Demeanor" redirects here. For the song, see Demeanor (song).
A colony of Northern gannet. An example of social behavior.
Social behavior is behavior among two or more organisms within the same species, and encompasses any behavior in which one member affects the other. This is due to an interaction among those members.[1][2] Social behavior can be seen as similar to an exchange of goods, with the expectation that when you give, you will receive the same.[3] This behavior can be affected by both the qualities of the individual and the environmental (situational) factors. Therefore, social behavior arises as a result of an interaction between the two—the organism and its environment. This means that, in regards to humans, social behavior can be determined by both the individual characteristics of the person, and the situation they are in.[4]
A major aspect of social behavior is communication, which is the basis for survival and reproduction.[5] Social behavior is said to be determined by two different processes, that can either work together or oppose one another. The dual-systems model of reflective and impulsive determinants of social behavior came out of the realization that behavior cannot just be determined by one single factor. Instead, behavior can arise by those consciously behaving (where there is an awareness and intent), or by pure impulse. These factors that determine behavior can work in different situations and moments, and can even oppose one another. While at times one can behave with a specific goal in mind, other times they can behave without rational control, and driven by impulse instead.[6]
There are also distinctions between different types of social behavior, such as mundane versus defensive social behavior. Mundane social behavior is a result of interactions in day-to-day life, and are behaviors learned as one is exposed to those different situations. On the other hand, defensive behavior arises out of impulse, when one is faced with conflicting desires.[7]
^Suckow, Mark A.; Weisbroth, Steven H.; Franklin, Craig L., eds. (2006). The Laboratory Rat. ISBN 978-0-12-074903-4. Archived from the original on 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2021-09-13.[page needed]
^Kastin, Abba J., ed. (2013). Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides. Elsevier Science. ISBN 978-0-12-385095-9. Archived from the original on 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2021-09-13.[page needed]
^Homans, George C. (1958). "Social Behavior as Exchange". American Journal of Sociology. 63 (6): 597–606. doi:10.1086/222355. JSTOR 2772990. S2CID 145134536.
^Snyder, Mark; Ickes, W. (1985). "Personality and social behavior". In Lindzey, G.; Aronson, E. (eds.). Handbook of Social Psychology. pp. 883–948. OCLC 567970783.
^Robinson, Gene E.; Fernald, Russell D.; Clayton, David F. (7 November 2008). "Genes and Social Behavior". Science. 322 (5903): 896–900. Bibcode:2008Sci...322..896R. doi:10.1126/science.1159277. PMC 3052688. PMID 18988841.
^Strack, Fritz; Deutsch, Roland (2004). "Reflective and impulsive determinants of social behavior". Personality and Social Psychology Review. 8 (3): 220–247. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.323.2327. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0803_1. PMID 15454347. S2CID 2847658.
^Whiting, Beatrice Blyth (1980). "Culture and Social Behavior: A Model for the Development of Social Behavior". Ethos. 8 (2): 95–116. doi:10.1525/eth.1980.8.2.02a00010. JSTOR 640018.
Socialbehavior is behavior among two or more organisms within the same species, and encompasses any behavior in which one member affects the other. This...
spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) queue for status in social groups dominated by females". Behavioral Ecology. 12 (15): 558–568. doi:10.1093/beheco/12.5...
Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals, organisms, systems or artificial...
Prosocial behavior, or intent to benefit others, is a socialbehavior that "benefit[s] other people or society as a whole", "such as helping, sharing...
Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups. Social norms can both be informal understandings that govern the behavior of members...
on 6 November 2013. Pratt, D. M.; Anderson, V. H. (1985). "Giraffe socialbehavior". Journal of Natural History. 19 (4): 771–781. Bibcode:1985JNatH..19...
Human behavior is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external...
sphinx) are associated with gain and loss of alpha status". Hormones and Behavior. 39 (3): 177–184. doi:10.1006/hbeh.2000.1628. PMID 11300708. S2CID 7560147...
JSTOR 3505643. PMID 30893970. S2CID 67818528. Egbert, A. L. (1978). The SocialBehavior of Brown Bears at McNeil River, Alaska (Ph.D. thesis). Utah State University...
report. de Waal FB (2002). Tree of Origin: What Primate Behavior Can Tell Us About Human Social Evolution. Harvard University Press. p. 51. ISBN 978-0-674-01004-8...
resemble adult females. Orangutans are the most solitary of the great apes: social bonds occur primarily between mothers and their dependent offspring. Fruit...
high amounts of interactions and complex social structures, comparable to that of ungulates. One common behavior is nose touching and sniffing, which mostly...
demonstrated by its physical adaptations to tackling large prey, its more social nature, and its highly advanced expressive behaviour, including individual...
family groups consisting of several members. Fennec foxes exhibit playful behavior, especially among younger individuals. The fennec fox is omnivorous, feeding...
Socialbehaviors present themselves in a variety of ways. Especially in those in the education system. Socialbehavior is behavior that occurs among two...
individuals to make good choices in thinking and behavior, resulting in social competence. The important social skills identified by the Employment and Training...
that behavioral intention is the most proximal determinant of human socialbehavior. The theory was elaborated by Icek Ajzen for the purpose of improving...
ISBN 978-0-19-850796-3. Henry, J. D. (1977). "The use of urine marking in the scavenging behavior of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes)". Behaviour. 61 (1/2): 82–106. doi:10.1163/156853977X00496...
solitary, there is now evidence that raccoons engage in sex-specific socialbehavior. Related females often share a common area, while unrelated males live...
savannas and dense forests, and lives near bodies of water. It is a highly social species and can be found in groups as large as 100 individuals, but usually...
to its historical range 12,000–18,000 years ago. The dhole is a highly social animal, living in large clans without rigid dominance hierarchies and containing...
reduction in the olfactory region of the brain and increasingly complex socialbehavior. The visual acuity of humans and other hominids is exceptional; they...
were scavenged by cougars in California, suggesting more opportunistic behavior. Aside from humans, no species preys upon mature cougars in the wild, although...
(33–37 lb) in autumn before the winter sleep period. It is nocturnal and is a social, burrowing animal that sleeps during the day in one of several setts in...
PMID 31924084. S2CID 85136825. Tuttle, R. H. (1986). Apes of the world: their socialbehavior, communication, mentality and ecology. William Andrew. ISBN 978-0815511045...
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