Sluggish schizophrenia or slow progressive schizophrenia (Russian: вялотеку́щая шизофрени́я, romanized: vyalotekushchaya shizofreniya)[1] was a diagnostic category used in the Soviet Union to describe what was claimed to be a form of schizophrenia characterized by a slowly progressive course; it was diagnosed even in patients who showed no symptoms of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, on the assumption that these symptoms would appear later.[2] It was developed in the 1960s by Soviet psychiatrist Andrei Snezhnevsky and his colleagues,[3][4] and was used exclusively in the USSR and several Eastern Bloc countries, until the fall of Communism starting in 1989.[5] The diagnosis has long been discredited because of its scientific inadequacy and its use as a means of confining dissenters.[6] It has never been used or recognized outside of the Eastern Bloc,[7] or by international organizations such as the World Health Organization.[8] It is considered a prime example of the political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union.[9]
Sluggish schizophrenia was the most infamous of diagnoses used by Soviet psychiatrists, due to its usage against political dissidents.[10] After being discharged from a hospital, persons diagnosed with sluggish schizophrenia were deprived of their civic rights, credibility and employability.[11] The usage of this diagnosis has been internationally condemned.[12]
In the Russian version of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), which has long been used throughout present-day Russia, sluggish schizophrenia is no longer listed as a form of schizophrenia,[13] but it is still included as a schizotypal disorder in section F21 of chapter V.[14]
According to Sergei Jargin, the same Russian term "vyalotekushchaya" for sluggish schizophrenia continues to be used and is now translated in English summaries of articles not as "sluggish" but as "slow progressive".[1]
Sluggishschizophrenia or slow progressive schizophrenia (Russian: вялотеку́щая шизофрени́я, romanized: vyalotekushchaya shizofreniya) was a diagnostic...
reformism"), and susceptible to a ready-made diagnosis (e.g., "sluggishschizophrenia"). Within the boundaries of the diagnostic category, the symptoms...
borders of schizophrenia in the Soviet Union, the key architect of the Soviet concept of sluggishschizophrenia, the inventor of the term "sluggish schizophrenia"...
in the USSR and Eastern Bloc diagnosed thousands of people with sluggishschizophrenia, without signs of psychosis, based on "the assumption that symptoms...
Republic of China. Psychiatric diagnoses such as the diagnosis of "sluggishschizophrenia" in political dissidents in the USSR were used for political purposes...
Carolina Press; 1995 Wilkinson G (1986). "Political dissent and "sluggish" schizophrenia in the Soviet Union". Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 293 (6548): 641–2...
narcissistic injury Narcissistic supply Vulnerable narcissism Hoax Sluggishschizophrenia The Mask of Sanity Campbell, Robert Jean (2009). Campbells' Psychiatric...
symptom (e.g., "delusion of reformism"), and a diagnosis (e.g., "sluggishschizophrenia"). Within the boundaries of the diagnostic category, the symptoms...
official Soviet psychiatric science came up with the definition of sluggishschizophrenia, a special form of the illness that supposedly affects only the...
Benjamin (April 2018). "Soviet psychiatry and the origins of the sluggishschizophrenia concept, 1912–1936". History of the Human Sciences. 31 (2): 88–105...
Opposition (politics) Election threshold Tor (anonymity network) Freenet Sluggishschizophrenia "The difference between protest and dissent", Columbia Journalism...
Development of the Russian Federation, whose dissertation was on sluggishschizophrenia. Kekelidze is known to believe that homosexuality in some cases...
inventions in the field of psychiatry ("delusion of reformism", sluggishschizophrenia) used as an instrument of repression against critics. In 1989 the...
symptom (e.g. "delusion of reformism"), and a diagnosis (e.g. "sluggishschizophrenia"). In the 1950s, Soviet dissidents started leaking criticism to...
symptom (e.g., "delusion of reformism"), and a diagnosis (e.g., "sluggishschizophrenia"). Aung San Suu Kyi is a famous Myanmar dissident who also won the...
and in Russia. Psychiatric diagnoses such as the diagnosis of 'sluggishschizophrenia' in political dissidents in the USSR were used for political purposes...
were accused of being mentally ill, they were accused of having sluggishschizophrenia and incarcerated in "psikhushkas", i.e. mental hospitals which were...
Association in its diagnostic manual, the DSM. Sluggishschizophrenia is a proposed form of slow-onset schizophrenia that political dissenters were institutionalised...
abuse of psychiatry Sluggishschizophrenia List of medical ethics cases Metzl, Jonathan (2010). The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease...
Others were given the scientifically discredited diagnosis of sluggishschizophrenia, used by the Soviet state as a means of locking up dissenters. Very...
so-called "healthy" population. Statistics show those who are ill with schizophrenia commit fewer illegal acts (less than 1%) than those considered mentally...
symptom (e.g., "delusion of reformism"), and a diagnosis (e.g., "sluggishschizophrenia"). Within the boundaries of the diagnostic category, the symptoms...
instantiated) [his empirical theses] that he is being pseudoscientific." Sluggishschizophrenia – a diagnosis used in some Communist nations to justify the involuntary...
out brucellosis touched her brain and nervous system which led to sluggishschizophrenia. From then on Savinova's health had been slowly decreasing. She...
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