Sip Song Chau Tai (1947–1950)Sip Hoc Chau Thai (1950–1955)
before 17th century–1954
Flag
Coat of arms
Seal (1889–1945)
The later Tai Federation, 1950, based on the Sip Song Chau Tai
Status
French protectorate, part of Tonkin, French Indochina (1889–1948) Autonomous federation within the French Union (1948–50) Crown domain of the Vietnamese Emperor (1950–54)
Capital
none (before 1948) Muaeng Lai (1948–54)
Common languages
French, Tai, Vietnamese
Religion
Catholicism (official) Daoism Traditional religions
Historical era
New Imperialism
• Established
before 17th century
• Disestablished
1954
Currency
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Ngưu Hống
North Vietnam
Today part of
Northwest region, Vietnam
The Sip Song Chau Tai[nb 1] ("Twelve Tai cantons"; Vietnamese: thập song (12) châu Thái; Thai: สิบสองจุไท or สิบสองเจ้าไท; Lao: ສິບສອງຈຸໄຕ or ສິບສອງເຈົ້າໄຕ; Chinese: 泰族十二州; Tai Dam: ꪵꪠ꪿ꪙꪒꪲꪙꪼꪕ "Tai Federation"[1]) was a confederation of Tai Dam ("Black Tai"), Tai Dón ("White Tai") and Tai Daeng ("Red Tai") chiefdoms in the mountainous north-west of today's Vietnam, dating back at least to the 17th century.[2]
It became an autonomous part of the French protectorate of Tonkin, and thereby of French Indochina, in 1889. In 1948, during the period of the First Indochina War, it was transformed into the Tai Federation (French: Fédération Thaï) that was recognized as an autonomous component of the French Union.[3]
In 1950 it was made a crown domain of Vietnamese emperor Bảo Đại without being integrated into the State of Vietnam.[4][5] It was dissolved after the Geneva Agreements of 1954.
Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).
^p. 324 of Baccam, D., Baccam F., Baccam H., & Fippinger, D. (1989). Tai Dam-English, English-Tai Dam Vocabulary Book. Summer Institute of Linguistics.
^Jean Michaud (2000). "A Historical Panorama of the Montagnards in Northern Vietnam under French Rule". In Michaud, Jean (ed.). Turbulent Times and Enduring Peoples: Mountain Minorities in the South-East Asian Massif. Curzon Press. pp. 53–54. ISBN 0-7007-1180-5. In the north-western highlands ... the loose federation of Sip Song Chau Tai, the Twelve Tai Cantons, had been formalized around it [Muang Lay (Lai Châu)] since at least the 17th century.
^Jean Michaud (2000). "A Historical Panorama of the Montagnards in Northern Vietnam under French Rule". In Michaud, Jean (ed.). Turbulent Times and Enduring Peoples: Mountain Minorities in the South-East Asian Massif. Curzon Press. p. 67. ISBN 0-7007-1180-5. An accord was finally promulgated in July 1948, creating an independent Tai Federation in the Union française, a Federation grouping together the provinces of Lai Chau, Phong Tho and Son La.
^Virginia Thompson; Richard Adloff (1955). Minority Problems in Southeast Asia. Stanford University Press. p. 216.
^Andrew Hardy (2003). State Visions, Migrant Decisions: Population Movements since the End of the Vietnam War. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 134. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
in French Indochina Flag of Laos in French Indochina Flag of the SipSongChauTai, French Indochina (1948–1955) Flag of French Sudan (1958–1959), present-day...
and India to the southwest. Bangkok is the state capital and largest city. Tai peoples migrated from southwestern China to mainland Southeast Asia from...
Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy, Phaenthi Sadaeng Kan Sia Dindaen Khong Thai Sip Si Khrang แผนที่แสดงการเสียดินแดนของไทย ๑๔ ครั้ง 'map showing the 14 territorial...
treaty with Đèo Văn Trị, the White Tai lord of Muang Lay (Lai Châu) on 7 April 1889. Thereby the SipSongChauTai accepted the French overlordship, while...
parallel to the autonomous Tai-speaking region in French Indochina from 1890 to 1945 called SipSongChauTai, meaning 'twelve Tai cantons'. Xishuangbanna...
verses. Pleng kaah (lit. "wedding music") is a set of traditional music and songs played both for entertainment and as accompaniment for the various ceremonial...
sent two of his soldiers to seek help from Khun Lo of the Kingdom of SipSongChauTai. Upon arrival Khun Lo led his army to fight a bloody battle against...
There the Yue (Be-Tai) formed the Luo Yue, which moved into Lingnan and Annam and then westward into northeastern Laos and SipSongChauTai, and later became...
(July–Dec 1858) 1 Phan Đăng Thanh (2002). "Tư tưởng lập hiến của Phan Bội Châu". Nghiên cứu Lập pháp số 1, tháng 1 năm 2002. "Quốc hiệu, Quốc kỳ, Quốc ca"...
small Siamese garrison controlled Luang Prabang, Sipsong Panna, and SipSongChauTai. The central region was administered from Nong Khai. The southern...
There the Yue (Be-Tai) formed the Luo Yue, which moved into Lingnan and Annam and then westward into northeastern Laos and SipSongChauTai, and later became...
Neutral Confederacy 1615 - 1653 Iron Confederacy pre 1692 - 1885 AD SipSongChauTai pre 17th cent.-1954 AD Confederation of chiefdoms in mountainous north-west...
tirailleurs cambodgiens Ethnic Taï from SipSongChauTai and Northern Laos. 1er bataillon Thaï 2e bataillon taï 3e bataillon taï Vũ Ngự Chiêu. Political and...
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