Global InformationSinauli information
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|
  Shown within Uttar Pradesh  Sinauli (India) | |
| Location | Uttar Pradesh, India |
|---|---|
| Region | Baraut, Baghpat district, Uttar Pradesh |
| Coordinates | 29°14′46″N 77°21′03″E / 29.24611°N 77.35083°E |
| Type | Cemetery Royal Burial |
| History | |
| Founded | c. 1850 - 1550 BCE |
| Cultures | Late Harappan, Ochre Coloured Pottery culture/Copper Hoard Culture[note 1] |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 2005-06 2018 |
| Archaeologists | D. V. Sharma S. K. Manjul |
| Management | Archaeological Survey of India |
Sinauli is an archaeological site in western Uttar Pradesh, India, at the Ganga-Yamuna Doab. The site gained attention for its Bronze Age solid-disk wheel bull pulled carts, found in 2018.[1] Some media reports and experts claimed these vehicles were carts and not chariot, but the director of the 2018 excavation Dr Sanjay Manjul insisted that they were horse-driven 2 wheel chariots and not carts. [news 1][note 2] [2]
The excavations in Sinauli were conducted by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in 2005-06 and in mid-2018.[news 2] The remains found in the 2005–2006 season, the "Sanauli cemetery", belong to the Late Bronze Age,[3] and were ascribed by excavation director Sharma to the Harappan civilization,[news 2] though a Late Harappan Phase or post-Harappan identification is more likely.[4][news 3]
Major findings from 2018 trial excavations are dated to c. 2000 - 1800 BCE, and ascribed to the Ochre Coloured Pottery culture (OCP)/Copper Hoard Culture, which was contemporaneous with the Late Harappan culture.[news 2][note 1] They include several wooden coffin burials, copper swords, helmets, and wooden carts,[5][1] with solid disk wheels and protected by copper sheets.[news 2][3] The carts were presented by Sanjay Manjul, director of the excavations, as ancient founding,[news 2][news 1][note 3] and he further notes that "the rituals relating to the Sanauli burials showed close affinity with Vedic rituals."[news 2]
Several scholars suggest that the solid wheels belong to carts and, therefore are not from chariots.[5][1][note 2] According to Asko Parpola]l these finds were ox-pulled carts, indicating that these burials are related to a wave of Aryan migration into northern India|early Aryan migration of Proto-Indo-Iranian language|Proto-Indo-Iranian speaking people into the Indian subcontinent,[7] "forming then the ruling elite of a major Late Harappan settlement."[8]Although Sanjay Manjul, director of the excavations, claimed in an interview with ANI [9]
that these are not carts but horse-driven chariots.
Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).
- ^ a b c Parpola 2020.
- ^ ANI News (6 January 2024). EP-126: Rakhigarhi & Sinauli Secrets, Mahabharata 'Evidence', Aryan Invasion with Dr. Sanjay Manjul. Retrieved 28 June 2024 – via YouTube.
- ^ a b Witzel 2019.
- ^ Singh 2008, p. 215.
- ^ a b Witzel 2019, p. 5.
- ^ Kumar, Vijay. "A note on Chariot Burials found at Sinauli district Baghpat Uttar Pradesh" (PDF). Indian Journal of Archaeology.
- ^ Parpola 2020, p. 191.
- ^ Parpola 2020, p. 176.
- ^ ANI News (6 January 2024). EP-126: Rakhigarhi & Sinauli Secrets, Mahabharata 'Evidence', Aryan Invasion with Dr. Sanjay Manjul. Retrieved 28 June 2024 – via YouTube.
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