Variety of rhyolite containing fragments of andesite
Arches of the "Mirador of Yanahuara" in Arequipa are made of sillar.
Sillar is a variety of rhyolite, which is a type of volcanic rock. Although sillar is of rhyolitic composition, it has been erupted from volcanoes which mostly erupt andesite lava, and sillar contains small fragments of andesite. A pink variety of sillar owes its colour to crystals of hematite within the rock. A white variety lacks these hematite crystals. Sillar is found as pyroclastic flow deposits of tuff near volcanoes in southern Peru,[1] for example the now-extinct Chachani volcano which erupted flows of sillar during the Pleistocene epoch.
Sillar facies Orvieto-Bagnoregio Ignimbrite (black blocks of scoria in red tuff) occurs at Civita di Bagnoregio in the Vulsini volcanic district of central Italy.[2]
^Jenks, W.F. & Goldich, S.S. (1956). "Rhyolitic Tuff Flows in Southern Peru". The Journal of Geology. 64 (2): 156–172. Bibcode:1956JG.....64..156J. doi:10.1086/626331. JSTOR 30060649. S2CID 129139823.
^Palladino D.M. et al. (2014) Bolsena, Latera and Vico calderas, central Italy, IAVCEI Field Guide Series 3, page 29
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