Kenya Colony (until Dec. 1963) Kenya (from Dec. 1963) Supported by: United Kingdom Ethiopian Empire[1]
Northern Frontier Districts Liberation Movement
Hawiye group
Darod group
Supported by: Somalia Soviet Union
Commanders and leaders
Jomo Kenyatta
Maalim Mohammed Stamboul (Darod group)
Strength
Hundreds (1963) 1,200+ (1966)
Casualties and losses
4,200+ killed[2]
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The Shifta War or Gaf Daba (1963–1967) was a secessionist conflict in which ethnic Somalis in the Northern Frontier District (NFD) of Kenya attempted to join Somalia. The Kenyan government named the conflict "shifta", after the Swahili word for "bandit", as part of a propaganda effort. The Kenyan counter-insurgency General Service Units forced civilians into "protected villages" (essentially concentration camps)[3] as well as killing livestock kept by the pastoralist Somalis.
The war ended in 1967 when Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, Prime Minister of the Somali Republic, signed a ceasefire with Kenya at the Arusha Conference on 23 October 1967.[4] However, the violence in Kenya deteriorated into disorganised banditry, with occasional episodes for the next several decades.
The war and violent clampdowns by the Kenyan government caused large-scale disruption to the way of life in the district, resulting in a slight shift from pastoralist and transhumant lifestyles to sedentary, urban lifestyles.
^Behr 2018, p. 148.
^Jacob Bercovitch and Richard Jackson, International Conflict : A Chronological Encyclopedia of Conflicts and Their Management 1945-1995 (1997)
^Rhoda E. Howard, Human Rights in Commonwealth Africa, (Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.: 1986), p.95
^Cite error: The named reference standard was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
The ShiftaWar or Gaf Daba (1963–1967) was a secessionist conflict in which ethnic Somalis in the Northern Frontier District (NFD) of Kenya attempted to...
from the Somali shufta during the ShiftaWar, and is in turn derived from Amharic ሽፍታ (šəfta). Historically, the shifta served as a local militia in particularly...
conventional wars and border skirmishes in the form of the 1964 Border War, the ShiftaWar, the Ogaden War, the Rhamu Incident, and the 1982 Border war, which...
the ShiftaWar. He was promoted as Deputy Commander of the Kenya Army on 28 November 1966 where he further distinguished himself during the ShiftaWar and...
British settlers was disbanded. Between 1963 and 1967, Kenya fought the ShiftaWar against Somali residents who sought union with their kin in the Somali...
Marehan, and Facaye Sade clans. After the ShiftaWar primarily fought by the Marehan who were given the title Shifta, the tribe were forced to either migrate...
Kenya implementated a similar policy of forced villagization during the ShiftaWar in 1966 of ethnic Somalis in the North Eastern Province. Kenyans were...
November 27, 1941 East African Campaign (World War II) 1952–1960 Mau Mau Uprising 1963–1967 ShiftaWar 1980 Garissa Massacre February 10, 1984 Wagalla...
found its way to Sri Lanka.[citation needed] By the time the Second World War had ended Ndolo had risen to the rank of Sergeant in the King's African Rifles...
clashed with Somali separatists in the North Eastern Province during the ShiftaWar. His government pursued capitalist economic policies and the "Africanisation"...
– Dominican Civil War (1965) 4,200+ – ShiftaWar (1963–1967) 4,000–10,000 – Conflict in the Niger Delta (2004–present) 4,000 – War of Devolution (1667–1668)...
Light Infantry of the British Army. The battalion saw action during the ShiftaWar and it is credited with the formulation of present-day anti banditry operations...
to the North Eastern Province to counter Somali separatists during the ShiftaWar. The unit gained repute in the Kenya Army for its performance in combat...
East Africa Company force in Mombasa (Fort Jesus). Before the Second World War, British colonial forces in Kenya, the now-King's African Rifles, in the...
the reservation of the White Highlands for Europeans, especially British war veterans. Bitterness grew between the natives and the Europeans. Describing...
the Somali Republic gained independence in 1960, it took part in the ShiftaWar when the battalion was notably commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Jackson...
massacre History of Kenya List of massacres in Kenya Human rights in Kenya ShiftaWar "Wagalla massacre: Raila Odinga orders Kenya probe". BBC. 18 October 2000...
government and the colonists with little bloodshed. After the First World War, more farmers arrived from England and South Africa, and by 1919 the European...
territories. Notable incidents include the 1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War, the ShiftaWar of Kenya, the Front de Libération de la Côte des Somalis battle for...
included aerial warfare and air defence.[page needed] In July 1977, the Ogaden War broke out after Barre's government sought to incorporate the predominantly...
the name "Republic of Kenya". Concurrently, the Kenyan army fought the ShiftaWar against ethnic Somali rebels inhabiting the Northern Frontier District...
the British Colony of Kenya in World War II (Swahili: Vita vya Pili vya Dunia) began with the declaration of war on Nazi Germany by the British Empire...
National Union Lancaster House Conferences (Kenya) Early post-independence ShiftaWar Pio Gama Pinto Bildad Kaggia Kenya People's Union 'Little general election'...
the region fought the ShiftaWar against Kenyan troops to join their kin in the Somali Republic to the north. Although the war ended in a cease-fire,...
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