Small piece of code used as a payload to exploit a software vulnerability
"Shell code" redirects here. For code written in a shell's command language, see Shell script.
"Alphanumeric executable" redirects here. For executable code presented in hexadecimal format, see Hex file (disambiguation).
In hacking, a shellcode is a small piece of code used as the payload in the exploitation of a software vulnerability. It is called "shellcode" because it typically starts a command shell from which the attacker can control the compromised machine, but any piece of code that performs a similar task can be called shellcode. Because the function of a payload is not limited to merely spawning a shell, some have suggested that the name shellcode is insufficient.[1] However, attempts at replacing the term have not gained wide acceptance. Shellcode is commonly written in machine code.
When creating shellcode, it is generally desirable to make it both small and executable, which allows it to be used in as wide a variety of situations as possible.[2] In assembly code, the same function can be performed in a multitude of ways and there is some variety in the lengths of opcodes that can be used for this purpose; good shellcode writers can put these small opcodes to use to create more compact shellcode.[3] Some have reached the smallest possible size while maintaining stability.[4]
^Foster, James C.; Price, Mike (2005-04-12). Sockets, Shellcode, Porting, & Coding: Reverse Engineering Exploits and Tool Coding for Security Professionals. Elsevier Science & Technology Books. ISBN 1-59749-005-9.
^Anley, Chris; Koziol, Jack (2007). The shellcoder's handbook: discovering and exploiting security holes (2 ed.). Indianapolis, Indiana, UA: Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-19882-7. OCLC 173682537.
^Foster, James C. (2005). Buffer overflow attacks: detect, exploit, prevent. Rockland, MA, USA: Syngress. ISBN 1-59749-022-9. OCLC 57566682.
^"Tiny Execve sh - Assembly Language - Linux/x86". GitHub. Retrieved 2021-02-01.
hacking, a shellcode is a small piece of code used as the payload in the exploitation of a software vulnerability. It is called "shellcode" because it...
the attacker, usually called the shellcode. Once the function returns, execution will resume at the attacker's shellcode; By overwriting a function pointer...
instruction to perform a relative jump to the top of the buffer where the shellcode is located. This collection of no-ops is referred to as the "NOP-sled"...
actual stack buffer overflow exploit the string of "A"'s would instead be shellcode suitable to the platform and desired function. If this program had special...
target machine. Other important sub-projects include the Opcode Database, shellcode archive and related research. The Metasploit Project includes anti-forensic...
code in a CPU. This technique is sometimes used by computer viruses, shellcodes and computer worms to hide their presence. Encryption is the most common...
and Z for its similarity to 2. Alphanumeric brand names Alphanumeric shellcode Alphanumeric keyboard Binary-to-text encoding Mathematical Alphanumeric...
2017 Petya cyberattack on June 27, 2017. ETERNALBLUE contains kernel shellcode to load the non-persistent DoublePulsar backdoor. This allows for the...
several commonly-used transformations and encryption algorithms. The shellcode compiler allows the user to compile and insert code via C syntax. Binary...
adopted by the Metasploit computer penetration framework as the name of a shellcode encoder. It uses polymorphic XOR additive feedback to ensure that the...
locate the code to be executed, while other attackers trying to execute shellcode injected on the stack have to find the stack first. In both cases, the...
with Python SEC670: Red Teaming Tools - Developing Windows Implants, Shellcode, Command and Control SEC403: Secrets to Successful Cybersecurity Presentation...
the string. The heap spraying code makes copies of the long string with shellcode and stores these in an array, up to the point where enough memory has...
Hack Fortress, a locksport village hosted by TOOOL DC, and Ghost in the Shellcode. ShmooCon 2021 was not held in January due to the COVID-19 pandemic. From...
execute shellcode on the target computer. On the source computer, the virus runs an HTTP server on a port between 1024 and 10000; the target shellcode connects...
Metasploit framework used to convert malicious shellcode into difficult-to-detect polymorphic shellcode using XOR additive feedback. Attackers can evade...
especially are a problem here, as they can be overflowed into and can execute shellcode when called. Bounds checking is a compiler-based technique that adds run-time...
screenshots, installing adware, stealing credentials, creating backdoors using shellcode, or altering data. Some companies maintain large databases of known exploits...
collection of gadgets can be constructed, which is more than enough to get a shellcode executed. One assumption which ROP makes is that the attacker possesses...
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