Semi-solid material that is produced as a by-product during sewage treatment
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate.(June 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Desiccation cracks in dried sludge, the hard final remains from a sewage plant
Sewage sludge is the residual, semi-solid material that is produced as a by-product during sewage treatment of industrial or municipal wastewater. The term "septage" also refers to sludge from simple wastewater treatment but is connected to simple on-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks.
When fresh sewage or wastewater enters a primary settling tank, approximately 50% of the suspended solid matter will settle out in an hour and a half. This collection of solids is known as raw sludge or primary solids and is said to be "fresh" before anaerobic processes become active. The sludge will become putrescent in a short time once anaerobic bacteria take over, and must be removed from the sedimentation tank before this happens.
This is accomplished in one of two ways. Most commonly, the fresh sludge is continuously extracted from the bottom of a hopper-shaped tank by mechanical scrapers and passed to separate sludge-digestion tanks. In some treatment plants an Imhoff tank is used: sludge settles through a slot into the lower story or digestion chamber, where it is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria, resulting in liquefaction and reduced volume of the sludge.
The secondary treatment process also generates a sludge largely composed of bacteria and protozoa with entrained fine solids, and this is removed by settlement in secondary settlement tanks. Both sludge streams are typically combined and are processed by anaerobic or aerobic treatment process at either elevated or ambient temperatures. After digesting for an extended period, the result is called "digested" sludge and may be disposed of by drying and then landfilling.
"Biosolids" is a term often used in conjunction with reuse of sewage solids after sewage sludge treatment. Biosolids can be defined as organic wastewater solids that can be reused after stabilization processes such as anaerobic digestion and composting.[1] Opponents of sewage sludge reuse reject this term as a public relations term.[2][3]
^Tchobanoglous, George; Burton, Franklin L.; Stensel, H. David (2003). Wastewater engineering: treatment and reuse (4 ed.). Metcalf & Eddy. p. 1449. ISBN 978-0071122504.
^"The Sludge Hits the Fan". www.ejnet.org. Retrieved 2019-11-12.
^Stauber, John; Rampton, Sheldon (1995). Toxic Sludge Is Good for You: Lies, Damn Lies, and the Public Relations Industry. Common Courage Press. ISBN 1567510604.
Sewagesludge is the residual, semi-solid material that is produced as a by-product during sewage treatment of industrial or municipal wastewater. The...
Sewagesludge treatment describes the processes used to manage and dispose of sewagesludge produced during sewage treatment. Sludge treatment is focused...
of sewage treatment produce sewagesludge which can be treated before safe disposal or reuse. Under certain circumstances, the treated sewagesludge might...
conventional drinking water treatment, as sewagesludge from wastewater treatment processes: 23–25 or as fecal sludge from pit latrines and septic tanks. The...
The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using aeration and a biological...
phosphorus from sewagesludge directly, from the ash after incineration of the sewagesludge or from other products of sewagesludge treatment. This includes...
materials. Sewagesludge treatment describes the processes used to manage and dispose of sewagesludge produced during sewage treatment. Sludge treatment...
soil fertility. In the 1920s, the farming community began also to use sewagesludge from local wastewater treatment plants. Scientific research over many...
223 million tons of sludge were sent to sea, entailing 1,223 sludge vessel voyages. In the year 1912/13 the total volume of sewage received at Beckton...
toilets or external composting processes), sewagesludge treatment technologies and a range of fecal sludge treatment processes. They all achieve various...
Milorganite is a brand of biosolids fertilizer produced by treating sewagesludge by the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District. The term is a portmanteau...
These levels have been accurately measured in tertiary effluent and sewagesludge, as these are the primary avenues for which parabens and their degradation...
examination of sewagesludge management, focusing on sewagesludge generated by POTWs; and (2) develop a cohesive Agency policy on sewagesludge management...
waste together with other input materials such as dewatered fecal sludge or sewagesludge. Anaerobic digestion combined with mechanical sorting of mixed...
wastewater and cannot simply be co-treated at sewage treatment plants. Small additions of fecal sludge are possible if plants are underutilized and able...
municipal solid waste and sewagesludge. Thermal hydrolysis is a two-stage process combining high-pressure boiling of waste or sludge followed by a rapid decompression...
soil, fresh water, and sewage, or even for several years in feces, fecal sludge (historically called night soil), and sewagesludge – a period that is much...
digestion is used as part of the process to treat biodegradable waste and sewagesludge. As part of an integrated waste management system, anaerobic digestion...
metals compared to other types of compost composed of things such as sewagesludge. This can protect consumers and the environment from biomagnification...
depend on the type of human waste: Sewage is treated via sewage treatment Sewagesludge is treated by sewagesludge treatment Fecal matter from dry toilets...
nitrate levels in groundwater can be caused by on-site sanitation, sewagesludge disposal and agricultural activities. It can therefore have an urban...
two-stage septic system where the sludge is digested in a separate tank. This avoids mixing digested sludge with incoming sewage. Also, some septic tank designs...
disposal site, for example a sewage treatment plant. A common material to be transported is septage (or more broadly: fecal sludge) which is human excreta...
Extended aeration is a method of sewage treatment using modified activated sludge procedures. It is preferred for relatively small waste loads, where lower...
treatment of sewage one process used is the activated sludge process in which air is passed through a mixture of sewage and old sludge to allow the micro-organisms...
construction business that provides proprietary waste-to-energy and sewagesludge services and technologies, circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler technologies...
Aerobic digestion is a process in sewage treatment designed to reduce the volume of sewagesludge and make it suitable for subsequent use. More recently...
as fertilizer for centuries in the form of night soil, fecal sludge, and sewagesludge. The use of untreated human feces in agriculture poses significant...
aeration, final separation and sludge digestion. The plant was designed to treat three million cubic metres per day of sewage. The works were expanded in...
Global Information
