This article is about religion-based separate schools in Canada. For race-based separate schools, see Racial separate schools (Canada).
In Canada, a separate school is a type of school that has constitutional status in three provinces (Ontario, Alberta and Saskatchewan) and statutory status in the three territories (Northwest Territories, Yukon and Nunavut). In these Canadian jurisdictions, a separate school is one operated by a civil authority—a separate school board—with a mandate enshrined in the Canadian Constitution (for the three provinces) or in federal statutes (for the three territories). In these six jurisdictions a civil electorate, composed of the members of the minority faith, elects separate school trustees according to the province's or territory's local authorities election legislation. These trustees are legally accountable to their electorate and to the provincial or territorial government. No church has a constitutional, legal, or proprietary interest in a separate school.
The constitutionally provided mandate of a separate school jurisdiction and of a separate school is to provide education in a school setting that the separate school board considers reflective of Roman Catholic (or, rarely, Protestant) theology, doctrine, and practices. This mandate can manifest itself in the Program of Studies and the curriculum, exercises and practices, and staffing. The limits of this mandate are determined by the application of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and judicial decisions.
The different experience in Ontario as compared to Alberta and Saskatchewan is principally the result of the same constitutional provisions having effect on settlement at different stages in Canadian history.
The Constitution of Canada does not establish separate school education as a natural or unconditional right available to all. Only Protestants or Roman Catholics, whichever is the minority faith population compared to the other in a community, can consider the establishment of separate school education. The separate school establishment right is not available to citizens of any other faith (such as Orthodox Christians, Jews, Mormons, Hindus, Muslims, or Sikhs). In addition, the minority faith must establish that they wish to leave the public school system and create a separate school system.
In Canada, a separateschool is a type of school that has constitutional status in three provinces (Ontario, Alberta and Saskatchewan) and statutory status...
provided in separateschools. In the United States, most local secondary education systems have separate middle schools and high schools. In the United...
District School Board (TCDSB, known as English-language Separate District School Board No. 40 prior to 1999) is an English-language public-separateschool board...
Separate but equal was a legal doctrine in United States constitutional law, according to which racial segregation did not necessarily violate the Fourteenth...
The Verden SeparateSchool is a historic school building at 315 East Ada Sipuel Avenue in Chickasha, Oklahoma. A modest wood-frame gable-roofed one-room...
equivalent to middle school. No regions of Australia have separate middle schools,[citation needed] as students go directly from primary school (for years K/preparatory–6)...
areas. Instead of being separated by age, Bush schools are separated by gender. Women and girls cannot enter the boys' bush school territory and vice versa...
District School Board (YCDSB, known as English-language Separate District School Board No. 42 prior to 1999) is the English-language public-separateschool district...
Catholic School Board (OCSB, known as English-language Separate District School Board No. 53 prior to 1999) is a publicly funded separateschool board in...
primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, and South Africa), elementary school, or grade...
Ontario, for example, Roman Catholic schools are known as "Catholic Schools" or "SeparateSchools", not "Public Schools", although these are, by definition...
system, magnet schools are public schools with specialized courses or curricula. Normally, a student will attend an elementary school, and this also determines...
public separate secondary schools in Ontario. A number of independent schools across Canada also use the word college in its name. Public secular school boards...
379 school authorities, which are sometimes referred to as school boards, school districts, or school divisions. Types include public school, separate school...
The Protestant SeparateSchool Board of the Town of Penetanguishene (PSSBP) is a separate English-language school board headquartered in Penetanguishene...
1960s . Secondary schools had evolved into three separated streams: technical schools, commercial and collegiates (the academic schools). By the mid 1960s...
are modeled on these. A typical boarding school has several separate residential houses, either within the school grounds or in the surrounding area. A number...
Racial separateschools in Canada existed in some Canadian provinces from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century. They were established by statute...
public or separate, in either the English or French language. The overlapping publicly funded school systems is organized into a number of school boards:...
lower Midwest and Southwest, segregating public schools. These stated that schools should be separated by race and offer equal amenities, but conditions...
Calgary Roman Catholic SeparateSchool District No. 1 or the Calgary Catholic School District (CCSD) is the Roman Catholic separateschool board in Calgary...
preschool (sometimes spelled as pre school or pre-school), also known as nursery school, pre-primary school, play school or creche, is an educational establishment...
An online school (virtual school, e-school, or cyber-school) teaches students entirely or primarily online or through the Internet. It has been defined...
"Negroes, Mongolians, and Indians" must attend separateschools. Later amended in 1864 to enable a separateschool to be established upon the written request...
An alternative school is an educational establishment with a curriculum and methods that are nontraditional. Such schools offer a wide range of philosophies...
(ACÉPO)), 38 public separate boards (29 English Catholic boards, 8 French Catholic boards and 1 English Protestant board), and 7 public school authorities that...
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