Sector collapse during the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens[1]
A sector collapse or lateral collapse is the structural failure and subsequent collapse of part of a volcano. Unlike a flank collapse, a sector collapse involves the central volcanic pipe. Sector collapses are one of the most hazardous volcanic events,[2] often resulting in lateral blasts,[1] landslides,[3] and changes in volcanic eruptive behavior. Sector collapse can be caused by earthquakes,[3] volcanic eruptions,[1] gradual volcanic deformation,[1] and other processes. Sector collapse events can occur on volcanoes at convergent and divergent plate boundaries.[1] Sector collapses are generally very sudden; however, some attempts have been made to predict collapse events.
^ abcdeWatt, Sebastian F. L. (2019-10-15). "The evolution of volcanic systems following sector collapse". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 384: 280–303. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2019.05.012. ISSN 0377-0273. S2CID 181821094.
^Kervyn, M.; Ernst, G. G. J.; Klaudius, J.; Keller, J.; Mbede, E.; Jacobs, P. (2008-10-28). "Remote sensing study of sector collapses and debris avalanche deposits at Oldoinyo Lengai and Kerimasi volcanoes, Tanzania". International Journal of Remote Sensing. 29 (22): 6565–6595. Bibcode:2008IJRS...29.6565K. doi:10.1080/01431160802168137. ISSN 0143-1161. S2CID 128817424.
^ abRomero, Jorge E.; Polacci, Margherita; Watt, Sebastian; Kitamura, Shigeru; Tormey, Daniel; Sielfeld, Gerd; Arzilli, Fabio; La Spina, Giuseppe; Franco, Luis; Burton, Mike; Polanco, Edmundo (2021). "Volcanic Lateral Collapse Processes in Mafic Arc Edifices: A Review of Their Driving Processes, Types and Consequences". Frontiers in Earth Science. 9. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.639825. ISSN 2296-6463.
A sectorcollapse or lateral collapse is the structural failure and subsequent collapse of part of a volcano. Unlike a flank collapse, a sector collapse...
a second sectorcollapse. Prehistoric Stromboli, Sciara del Fuoco collapse Popocatépetl, Ventorrillo collapse Mount Rainier, Osceola collapse Historic...
as sectorcollapse, earthquakes, or interactions with groundwater. Some of these triggers operate only under limited conditions. For example, sector collapse...
suffered a major sectorcollapse during the Holocene, forming one of the largest terrestrial collapse deposits. The deposit left by the collapse was first discovered...
of Hualca Hualca underwent a large sectorcollapse between 1.36 and 0.61 million years ago, opening up a collapse amphitheatre and forming a lake in the...
active crater on the southwestern side, which also bears traces of a sectorcollapse. An eruption occurred in 2016. The island was officially discovered...
especially the 1802 and 1787 events, most likely occurred at Tutupaca. The sectorcollapse of eastern Tutupaca was accompanied by an eruption that was among the...
attraction on the island. Sciara del Fuoco was formed as a result of a sectorcollapse around 5,000 years ago. Due to this, it is sometimes referred to as...
scientists and explorers. This event is the largest volcanic island sectorcollapse in recent history. Ritter Island in the Bismarck Archipelago is an...
than by landslides or sectorcollapse, volcanoes may be able to generate waves by pyroclastic flow submergence, caldera collapse, or underwater explosions...
amounts of water from within the volcano's hydrothermal system. The sectorcollapse formed a 1.8 km (1.1 mi) wide horseshoe-shaped crater, open to the...
north–south direction. In light of the behaviour of other documented sectorcollapses such as at Mount St. Helens, the headscarp of the unstable part of...
The Rana Plaza collapse (also referred to as the Savar building collapse or the collapse of Rana Plaza) was a structural failure that occurred on 24 April...
Shimabara Peninsula of Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan) on 21 May. This caused the collapse of the southern flank of the Mayuyama dome in front of Mount Unzen, resulting...
triggers the collapse, although eruption-associated earthquakes are suspected to play a role. Other volcanoes in the region with sectorcollapses are: Lastarria...
Kunstmann volcano features a 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) wide scar formed by a sectorcollapse. Falso Azufre with a base surface of 387 square kilometres (149 sq mi)...
rate had forked into multiple distinct rates due to Lebanon's banking sectorcollapse. Within six months, five distinct Lebanese pound rates were defined...
eruption, it was believed that the southwest sector of the volcano, including the summit, had collapsed during the eruption, triggering the tsunami. On...
collapse of loose material on the flanks of a volcano. A variety of phenomena may trigger a lahar, including melting of glacial ice, sectorcollapse,...
data and helicopter footage confirmed that the southwest sector of the volcano had collapsed, which triggered the tsunami, and that the main volcanic...
Royal Bank of Scotland Group, Lloyds TSB and HBOS, to avert financial sectorcollapse. The government stressed, however, that it was not "standard public...
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