"Spotlight fallacy" redirects here. For the psychological effect, see Spotlight effect.
In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability than others. It results in a biased sample[1] of a population (or non-human factors) in which all individuals, or instances, were not equally likely to have been selected.[2] If this is not accounted for, results can be erroneously attributed to the phenomenon under study rather than to the method of sampling.
Medical sources sometimes refer to sampling bias as ascertainment bias.[3][4] Ascertainment bias has basically the same definition,[5][6] but is still sometimes classified as a separate type of bias.[5]
^"Sampling Bias". Medical Dictionary. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2009.
^"Biased sample". TheFreeDictionary. Retrieved 23 September 2009. Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition
^Weising K (2005). DNA fingerprinting in plants: principles, methods, and applications. London: Taylor & Francis Group. p. 180. ISBN 978-0-8493-1488-9.
^Ramírez i Soriano A (29 November 2008). Selection and linkage desequilibrium tests under complex demographies and ascertainment bias(PDF) (Ph.D. thesis). Universitat Pompeu Fabra. p. 34.
^ abPanacek EA (May 2009). "Error and Bias in Clinical Research" (PDF). SAEM Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA: Society for Academic Emergency Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
^"Ascertainment Bias". Medilexicon Medical Dictionary. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
samplingbias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability...
gathering the sample or cohort cause samplingbias, while errors in any process thereafter cause selection bias. Examples of samplingbias include self-selection...
country. Since sampling is almost always done to estimate population parameters that are unknown, by definition exact measurement of the sampling errors will...
kinds of nonprobability sampling. Consecutive sampling is typically better than convenience sampling in controlling samplingbias. Care needs to be taken...
and engineering, a bias is a systematic error. Statistical bias results from an unfair sampling of a population, or from an estimation process that does...
root of the unbiased sample variance, the corrected sample standard deviation, is biased. The bias depends both on the sampling distribution of the estimator...
Survivorship bias or survival bias is the logical error of concentrating on entities that passed a selection process while overlooking those that did...
by reducing sampling error. Bias in surveys is undesirable, but often unavoidable. The major types of bias that may occur in the sampling process are:...
sampling (also known as grab sampling, accidental sampling, or opportunity sampling) is a type of non-probability sampling that involves the sample being...
extinction attempt to counteract samplingbiases when estimating diversity loss or extinction rates. Depending on the sampling method or the taxonomic group...
more general concept of sampling frame includes area sampling frames, whose elements have a geographic nature. Area sampling frames can be useful for...
Shared information bias (also known as the collective information samplingbias, or common-information bias) is known as the tendency for group members...
Nonprobability sampling is a form of sampling that does not utilise random sampling techniques where the probability of getting any particular sample may be calculated...
In statistics, cluster sampling is a sampling plan used when mutually homogeneous yet internally heterogeneous groupings are evident in a statistical population...
Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy, has suggested refining SSA to what he calls the strong self-sampling assumption...
its true value Outcome bias – Decision-making biasSamplingbias – Bias in the sampling of a population Selection bias – Bias in a statistical analysis...
more friends than that individual. It can be explained as a form of samplingbias in which people with more friends are more likely to be in one's own...
source bias is a type of samplingbias, occurring when both dependent and independent variables are collected from the same group of people. This bias can...
particular therapies or interventions. Specifically, it is a samplingbias or selection bias: the kind of subjects that take up an intervention, including...
of irregular genetic sampling of Bolivian wild potatoes. A 2000 report of previous studies' sampling found that 60% of samples had been taken near towns...
biological explanation has been sought are most readily explained by samplingbias. Research completed after the seminal 1982 paper (Sepkoski and Raup)...
are used to correct for samplingbias, thus the numbers in the statistics can not be considered to be representative samples. The company was founded...
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