1991 Soviet Union–United States arms control treaty
This article is about the treaty signed in 1991. For the current treaty, see New START. For the rocket, see Start-1.
START
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty Договор о сокращении стратегических наступательных вооружений
Presidents George H. W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev sign START, 31 July 1991
Type
Strategic nuclear disarmament
Drafted
29 June 1982 – June 1991
Signed
31 July 1991
Location
Moscow, Soviet Union
Effective
5 December 1994
Condition
Ratification of both parties
Expiration
5 December 2009
Signatories
George H. W. Bush
Mikhail Gorbachev
Parties
United States
Soviet Union
Languages
Russian, English
START I (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) was a bilateral treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union on the reduction and the limitation of strategic offensive arms. The treaty was signed on 31 July 1991 and entered into force on 5 December 1994.[1] The treaty barred its signatories from deploying more than 6,000 nuclear warheads and a total of 1,600 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) and bombers.
START negotiated the largest and most complex arms control treaty in history, and its final implementation in late 2001 resulted in the removal of about 80% of all strategic nuclear weapons then in existence. Proposed by US President Ronald Reagan, it was renamed START I after negotiations began on START II.
The treaty expired on 5 December 2009.
On 8 April 2010, the replacement New START Treaty was signed in Prague by US President Barack Obama and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. Following its ratification by the US Senate and the Federal Assembly of Russia, the treaty went into force on 5 February 2011, extending deep reductions of American and Soviet or Russian strategic nuclear weapons through February 2026.[2][3]
^[dead link]"Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I): Executive Summary". The Office of Treaty Compliance. Archived from the original on 6 January 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2009.
^"Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Strategic Offensive Reductions (START I) | Treaties & Regimes | NTI".
^"New START Treaty". United States Department of State. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
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