Global InformationSS Czar information
 SS Czar in port before May 1920
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| History | |
|---|---|
| Name | SS Czar (Царь) |
| Owner |
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| Operator |
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| Port of registry |
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| Route |
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| Builder |
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| Yard number | 494 |
| Launched | 23 March 1912 |
| Maiden voyage | Libau – Copenhagen – New York, 30 May 1912 |
| Renamed |
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| Identification |
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| Fate | Scrapped 1949 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Ocean liner |
| Tonnage |
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| Length | 425 ft (130 m) |
| Beam | 53.2 ft (16.2 m) |
| Draught | 32 ft 4 in (9.86 m) |
| Depth | 29.4 ft (9.0 m) |
| Installed power | 889 NHP |
| Propulsion | 2 × quadruple expansion steam engines; twin screws |
| Speed | 15 knots (28 km/h) |
| Capacity |
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| Troops | 2,050 troops (World War II) |
| Sensors and processing systems | gyrocompass (from 1934) |
| Notes | two funnels; two masts |
SS Czar[a] was an ocean liner for the then Russian American Line before World War I. In 1920-1930, the ship was named Estonia for the Baltic American Line, then named Pułaski for the PTTO (later Gdynia America Line) and as a UK Ministry of War Transport troopship, and as Empire Penryn after World War II. The liner was built in Glasgow for the Russian American Line in 1912 and sailed on North Atlantic routes from Liepāja (Libau) to New York. On one eastbound voyage in October 1913, Czar was one of ten ships that came to the aid of the burning Uranium Line steamer Volturno.
After the Russian Revolution in 1917, the ship came under the control of the UK Shipping Controller and was managed by the Wilson Line and later, the Cunard Line. Under Cunard management in 1918 as HMT[Note 1] Czar, she was employed as a troopship carrying United States troops to France as part of the United States Navy's Cruiser and Transport Force. After the end of World War I, the ship was returned to the East Asiatic Company, the parent company of the Russian American Line, who placed her on their Baltic American Line sailing in roundtrip passenger service to New York under the name Estonia.
In 1930 the East Asiatic Company sold Baltic American Line to Polish owners who renamed the company Polskiego Transatlantyckiego Towarzystwa Okrętowego ("Polish Transatlantic Shipping Company Limited" or PTTO).[1] In 1931 PTTO renamed the ship Pułaski for passenger service to North and South America. In 1934 PTTO became Gdynia – America Line.
After the outbreak of World War II Pułaski served as an Allied troopship, at first under French control and, after the Fall of France, under UK control. Pułaski sailed variously in the North Atlantic, between African ports, and in the Indian Ocean. In 1946 the ship's name was changed to Empire Penryn and she continued trooping duties under the management of Lamport and Holt. She was scrapped in 1949 at Blyth.
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- ^ Gibbs 1970, p. 174.