Ruund (Ruwund), also known as Northern Lunda or Uruund, is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola. It is highly unusual among Bantu languages for allowing consonantal codas and for its reduced vowel system, in which short /e/ and /o/ have become [i] and [a] respectively, leaving only 3 short vowels.[3]
Another interesting feature of Ruund is that, as with the related Ciluba language, the tones of Proto-Bantu have reversed, so that High has become Low and vice versa.[4] In this language therefore the accented syllables are Low and the default tone is High.
^Ruund at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
^Hyman, Larry. "Segmental Phonology" (PDF). p. 8. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
^Nash, J.A. (1994), "Underlying Low Tones in Ruwund".
Studies in African Linguistics Volume 23, Number 3,1992-1994.
Ruund (Ruwund), also known as Northern Lunda or Uruund, is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola. It is highly unusual among...
Zambia Lunda languages, a family of Bantu languages Lunda language, spoken in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Angola, and Zambia Ruundlanguage or Northern...
but the work of a number of linguists places their languages firmly with the set that includes Ruund, Lunda, and Chokwe. Economic and political developments...
official language of Angola, but 46 other languages are spoken in the country, mostly Bantu languages. Portuguese is the sole official language. Due to...
The Lunda (Balunda, Luunda, Ruund) are a Bantu ethnic group that originated in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo along the Kalanyi River...
ethnic groups which trace their origins to Mwantiyavwa the king of the Ruund. These similarities give further evidence that Mbunda people interacted...
the author compares 280 words from 200 African languages and dialects (or about 120 separate languages according to today's classification; several varieties...
languages as interpreted by Harald Hammarström, and following the Guthrie classification. Bantu languages Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Classification...
Heads of Congo Rulers of Katanga Rulers of Kuba Rulers of Luba Rulers of Ruund (Luunda) Rulers of Kasongo Luunda (Yaka) Rulers of Kongo Zaire "20 dead...
Heads of Congo Rulers of Katanga Rulers of Kuba Rulers of Luba Rulers of Ruund (Luunda) Rulers of Kasongo Luunda (Yaka) Rulers of Kongo Zaire Muamba, Clément...
chiefdoms, such as the Hemba, Kalundwe, Kanincin, Kanyok, Mpimin, Nsanga, and Ruund, which traded and intermarried with each other. Initially these groups based...
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