American Red Cross high commissioner (World War I) Chair, National League of Women Voters' Department of International Cooperation for the Prevention of War (1920s) Chair, Women's Council on the Limitation of Armaments, Washington Naval Conference (1921-1922)
Ruth Morgan (October 12, 1870 – March 11, 1934) was an American peace activist during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.[1][2][3]
Working as a manager at Bellevue Hospital in New York City during the early 1900s, she was placed in charge of the Bureau of Hospital Services operated by the American Red Cross in France during World War I.[4][5] Evaluating the nursing care and social needs of the soldiers serving with the American Expeditionary Forces upon her arrival, she quickly determined that significant improvements were needed and established "Flying Squadrons" of nurses "to be sent 'flying' over France in motor cars to each mobile, evacuation or military hospital where any American soldiers, brigaded with the French, had been sent." Equipped with food and medicine for the soldiers, they also frequently served as translators between the soldiers and their French physicians since many of the Americans they were assisting did not speak French.[6]
Deeply affected by what she witnessed in France during that war, she rose to international prominence through her appointments during the 1920s to leadership positions with national and international advocacy organizations, including the League of Nations.[7] Speaking to a gathering of women in 1925 as chair of the National League of Women Voters' committee on international cooperation, Morgan said:[8]
"Our destinies are in our own hands.... If war goes on, it will be our own fault. We can no longer be deluded by the idea that such catastrophes are matters of fate. The establishment of peace is the responsibility of every woman in this room."
^Campbell, Sandra L. "Biographical Sketch of Margaret Lewis Morgan Norrie," in "Part III: Mainstream Suffragists—National American Woman Suffrage Association," in Women and Social Movements in the United States, 1600-2000. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Alexander Street, 2018.
^"Women Endorse Kellogg Treaties; Voters' League Acts When Miss Ruth Morgan Lauds Secretary's Anti-War Proposals." New York, New York: The New York Times, April 28, 1928, p. 4 (subscription required).
^"Women Voters Hear Appeal for Peace; Miss Ruth Morgan Declares Hope Is in Youth and That Education Is War's Foe. Lauds League of Nations: 600 Assemble at Detroit for Convention—First Official Session Will Open Today." New York, New York: The New York Times, April 26, 1932 (subscription required).
^"League of Women Voters Names Officers for Year." Buffalo, New York: The Buffalo Morning Express, April 26, 1924, p. 9 (subscription required).
^"Take Good Care of Red Cross Nurses." Ottumwa, Iowa: Ottumwa Semi-Weekly Courier, June 4, 1918, p. 2 (subscription required).
^Marshall, Marguerite Mooers. "Red Cross Flying Squadrons Gave 200 American Women Chance for Heroic Service." New York, New York: The Evening World, February 15, 1919, p. 11 (subscription required).
^"Naming of Women Aids at Arms Parley Praised: 'President Harding's Selection Particularly Pleasing to Us,' Says Miss Ruth Morgan." New York, New York: New York Tribune, November 3, 1921, p. 6 (subscription required).
^"Says Women Hold Future of World: Miss Ruth Morgan Urges Voters' League to Help Abolish War." Buffalo, New York: Buffalo Evening News, February 3, 1925, p. 25 (subscription required).
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