The rule in Dearle v Hall (1828) 3 Russ 1 is an English common law rule to determine priority between competing equitable claims to the same asset. The rule broadly provides that where the equitable owner of an asset purports to dispose of his equitable interest on two or more occasions, and the equities are equal between claimants, the claimant who first notifies the trustee or legal owner of the asset shall have a first priority claim.
Although the original decisions related to interests under a trust, most modern applications of the rule relate to the factoring of receivables[1] or multiple grants of equitable security interests.
The rule has been subject to some scathing criticism,[2] and has been abrogated in a number of common law countries in the Commonwealth.
^A common scenario is where a company grants a floating charge over all its assets, including its book debts, to a bank, and then the company also purports to factor the book debts to an independent factor. As between the bank and the factor, the person who will have a priority claim to the receivables will generally be the person who first notifies the legal title holder (ie. the debtor) of their claim.
^See for example, Legal Aspects Receivable Financing (2000), Fidelis Oditah; and Commercial Law (2nd ed), Roy Goode, in which the author indicates: "It is high time that the rule in Dearle v Hall was abolished" at page 705.
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