22 March 1924(1924-03-22) (aged 67) Paris, French Republic
Nationality
French
Alma mater
École Polytechnique
Military service
Allegiance
Third Republic
Branch/service
French Army
Artillery
Years of service
1878 – 1921
Rank
Division general
Commands
List
5th Artillery Regiment
27th Infantry Brigade
61st Reserve Infantry Division
III Corps
Second Army
Battles/wars
List
Boxer Rebellion
First World War
Battle of Verdun
Nivelle Offensive
Robert Georges Nivelle[a] (15 October 1856[1] – 22 March 1924[2]) was a French artillery general officer who served in the Boxer Rebellion and the First World War. In May 1916, he succeeded Philippe Pétain as commander of the French Second Army in the Battle of Verdun, leading counter-offensives that rolled back the German forces in late 1916.[3] During these actions he and General Charles Mangin were accused of wasting French lives.[4] He gives his name to the Nivelle Offensive.
Following the successes at Verdun, Nivelle was promoted to commander-in-chief of the French armies on the Western Front in December 1916, largely because of his persuasiveness with French and British political leaders, aided by his fluency in English. He was responsible for the Nivelle Offensive at the Chemin des Dames, which had aroused skepticism already in its planning stages. When the costly offensive failed to achieve a breakthrough on the Western Front, a major mutiny occurred, affecting roughly half the French Army, which conducted no further major offensive action for several months. Nivelle was replaced as commander-in-chief by Philippe Pétain in May 15, 1917.
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^Government of the French Republic. "Birth certificate of Nivelle, Robert Georges". culture.gouv.fr (in French). Retrieved 13 April 2020.
^Government of the French Republic. "Death certificate of Nivelle, Robert Georges". culture.gouv.fr (in French). Retrieved 13 April 2020.
^"General Robert Nivelle". Current History. 5 (4): 613–614. 1917. ISSN 2641-080X. JSTOR 45328145.
^"The Nivelle Offensive started". www.cheshireroll.co.uk. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
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