Global InformationRoaring Twenties information
| Roaring Twenties | |||
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| 1920–1929 | |||
 Josephine Baker performing the Charleston at the Folies Bergère, Paris | |||
| Location | Mainly the United States (equivalents and effects in the greater Western world) | ||
| Key events | Osage Indian murders Harlem Renaissance Jazz Age Radio broadcasting Rise of the automobile Lindbergh's flight | ||
Chronology
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| History of the United States | ||||||||||
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The Roaring Twenties, sometimes stylized as Roaring '20s, refers to the 1920s decade in music and fashion, as it happened in Western society and Western culture. It was a period of economic prosperity with a distinctive cultural edge in the United States and Europe, particularly in major cities such as Berlin,[1] Buenos Aires,[2][3] Chicago,[4] London,[5] Los Angeles,[6] Mexico City,[3] New York City,[7] Paris,[8] and Sydney.[9] In France, the decade was known as the années folles ('crazy years'),[10] emphasizing the era's social, artistic and cultural dynamism. Jazz blossomed, the flapper redefined the modern look for British and American women,[11][12] and Art Deco peaked.[13]
The social and cultural features known as the Roaring Twenties began in leading metropolitan centers and spread widely in the aftermath of World War I. The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general feeling of novelty associated with modernity and a break with tradition, through modern technology such as automobiles, moving pictures, and radio, bringing "modernity" to a large part of the population. Formal decorative frills were shed in favor of practicality in both daily life and architecture. At the same time, jazz and dancing rose in popularity, in opposition to the mood of World War I. As such, the period often is referred to as the Jazz Age.
The 1920s saw the large-scale development and use of automobiles, telephones, films, radio, and electrical appliances in the lives of millions in the Western world. Aviation soon became a business due to its rapid growth. Nations saw rapid industrial and economic growth, accelerated consumer demand, and introduced significant new trends in lifestyle and culture. The media, funded by the new industry of mass-market advertising driving consumer demand, focused on celebrities, especially sports heroes and movie stars, as cities rooted for their home teams and filled the new palatial cinemas and gigantic sports stadiums. In many countries, women won the right to vote.
Wall Street invested heavily in Germany under the 1924 Dawes Plan, named after banker and later 30th Vice President Charles G. Dawes. The money was used indirectly to pay reparations to countries that also had to pay off their war debts to Washington.[14] While by the middle of the decade prosperity was widespread, with the second half of the decade known, especially in Germany, as the "Golden Twenties",[15] the decade was coming fast to an end. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 ended the era, as the Great Depression brought years of hardship worldwide.[16]
- ^ Anton Gill, A Dance Between Flames: Berlin Between the Wars (1994).
- ^ Fraga, Enrique Alberto (February 16, 2020). "El rugido centenario de los años locos". La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- ^ a b Elsey, Brenda (2011). Citizens and Sportsmen: Fútbol and Politics in Twentieth-Century Chile. University of Texas Press. p. 51. ISBN 9780292726307. Retrieved May 25, 2022 – via Google Books.
- ^ Marc Moscato, Brains, Brilliancy, Bohemia: Art & Politics in Jazz-Age Chicago (2009)
- ^ Hall, Lesley A. (1996). "Impotent ghosts from no man's land, flappers' boyfriends, or crypto-patriarchs? Men, sex and social change in 1920s Britain". Social History. 21 (1): 54–70. doi:10.1080/03071029608567956.
- ^ David Robinson, Hollywood in the Twenties (1968)
- ^ David Wallace, Capital of the World: A Portrait of New York City in the Roaring Twenties (2011)
- ^ Jody Blake, Le Tumulte Noir: modernist art and popular entertainment in jazz-age Paris, 1900–1930 (1999)
- ^ Jack Lindsay, The roaring twenties: literary life in Sydney, New South Wales in the years 1921-6 (1960)
- ^ Andrew Lamb (2000). 150 Years of Popular Musical Theatre. Yale University Press. p. 195. ISBN 978-0-300-07538-0.
- ^ Pamela Horn, Flappers: The Real Lives of British Women in the Era of the Great Gatsby (2013)
- ^ Angela J. Latham, Posing a Threat: Flappers, Chorus Girls, and Other Brazen Performers of the American 1920s (2000)
- ^ Madeleine Ginsburg, Paris fashions: the art deco style of the 1920s (1989)
- ^ "Dawes Plan". encyclopedia.com. August 13, 2018. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
- ^ Bärbel Schrader, and Jürgen Schebera. The" golden" twenties: art and literature in the Weimar Republic (1988)
- ^ Paul N. Hehn (2005). A Low Dishonest Decade: The Great Powers, Eastern Europe, and the Economic Origins of World War II, 1930–1941. Continuum. p. 12. ISBN 978-0-8264-1761-9.